Block 7 Subject: Embryology Q’s with answers Case #1
Download 241.12 Kb. Pdf ko'rish
|
Embryo Lesson 7 Cases
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- Case 17 Subject: Embryology Medcloud™ Case 17
Case #17
Subject: Embryology A 3-day-old newborn is brought to the physician because of abdominal distention, inconsolable crying, and 3 episodes of bilious vomiting since the previous evening. He was delivered at home at 40 weeks' gestation by a trained midwife. He has not passed meconium. Physical examination shows abdominal distention, a tight anal sphincter, and an explosive passage of air and feces on removal of the examining finger. Abnormal development of which of the following best explains this patient's condition? A. Muscularis propria and adventitia B. Muscularis mucosae and serosa C. Epithelium and lamina propria D. Submucosa and muscularis externa E. Epithelium and submucosa F. Muscularis mucosae and lamina propria Medcloud™ Case #17 Subject: Embryology Medcloud™ Case #17 Subject: Embryology The correct answer is D – 68% The submucosa normally contains the Meissner (submucous) plexus, while the muscularis externa contains the Auerbach (myenteric) plexus. In Hirschsprung disease, these two plexuses are absent at the anorectal line. Hirschsprung disease is caused by defective migration of plexus ganglion cell precursors (neural crest cells), which ordinarily migrate to the distal colon during fetal development. Without the plexuses, peristalsis is uncoordinated, motility is slow, and relaxation is impeded, resulting in excessive contraction of intestinal muscles, constipation, and obstruction, as seen here. A biopsy of the distal colon showing absent ganglion cells is diagnostic. Medcloud™ Case #17 Subject: Embryology A. Muscularis propria and adventitia - 7% The muscularis propria and adventitia are the outermost layers of the GI tract. The muscularis propria provides sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, as well as motor innervation to the smooth muscle of the GI tract. The adventitia is the most superficial layer of the portion of the GI tract lying outside the peritoneal cavity (e.g., colon, esophagus) and is made up of connective tissue that acts to protect and create attachments to neighboring structures. However, Hirschsprung disease does not involve a joint defect of the muscularis propria and adventitia. B. Muscularis mucosae and serosa - 7% The muscularis mucosae is the outermost layer of the GI mucosa, and the serosa is the outermost layer of the portion of the GI tract within the peritoneal cavity. The muscularis mucosae allows the mucosa to move, which facilitates glandular secretion and absorption. The serosa coats the intestines and secretes serous fluid that protects the GI tract against frictional damage, which might occur during movement within the abdomen. However, Hirschsprung disease involves other layers of the GI tract. C. Epithelium and lamina propria - 1% The epithelium and lamina propria are the innermost layers of the GI tract mucosa. The epithelium contains glands that secrete digestive enzymes and also serves to absorb nutrients and water. It is attached via the lamina propria to the interior of the GI tract wall. However, Hirschsprung disease involves other layers of the GI tract. E. Epithelium and submucosa - 2% The epithelium is the innermost layer of the GI mucosa, and the submucosa lies just outside of the GI mucosa. The epithelium contains glands that secrete digestive enzymes and also serves to absorb nutrients and water. The submucosa provides parasympathetic innervation to glands and is responsible for secretomotor activity. However, Hirschsprung disease does not involve a joint defect of the epithelium and submucosa. F. Muscularis mucosae and lamina propria 15% The muscularis mucosae and lamina propria are the two outermost layers of the GI mucosa. The muscularis mucosae allows the mucosa to move, which facilitates glandular secretion and absorption and the lamina propria is the attachment site for the GI epithelium. However, Hirschsprung disease involves other layers of the GI tract. Medcloud™ |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling