Boshlang'ich sinflarda matematika o'qitish metodikasi
- § . B o s h l a n g N c h s i n f l a r d a m a t e m a t i k a o ‘q i t i s h
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2 - § . B o s h l a n g N c h s i n f l a r d a m a t e m a t i k a o ‘q i t i s h
m e t o d i k a s i n i n g f a n s i f a t i d a s h a k l l a n i s h i Z a m o n a v iy b o sh la n g N c h t a ’lim n in g o ‘zi n im a d a n ib o r a t b o N ish i k e ra k ? B o la 1 -4 -sin fla rd a q a n d a y b ilim g a e g a b o N ish i lo z im ? 0 ‘q u v c h ila rg a q a c h o n d a n b o s h la b , q a n d a y q ilib , q a n d a y u s u ld a v a u s lu b d a m illiy q a d riy a tla rim iz , u rf-o d a tla rim iz n i o ‘r g a tis h im iz , c h u q u r a n g la tis h im iz k e ra k , d e g a n s a v o lla r b o s h la n g N c h t a ’lim tiz im i o ld id a g i a s o s iy m a s a la la rd a n b iri b o N ib k e lm o q d a . S o ‘n g i y illa rd a m a m la k a tim iz d a m a k ta b d a m a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h , a y n iq s a , b o s h la n g N c h t a ’lim tiz im id a o ‘z k o N am i v a a h a m iy a ti j i - h a tid a n n ih o y a td a k a tta b o N g a n o ’z g a ris h la m i a m a lg a o sh ird i. M a s a la n , 1997 y il 27 a v g u s td a g i “ T a ’lim t o ‘g ‘r is id a ” g i q o n u n - n in g 1 2 -m o d d a si I-IV s in f la m i o ’q itis h g a b a g N sh la n g a n . 0 ‘z b e k is to n R e s p u b lik a s id a “ K a d r la r ta y y o rla s h M illiy d a s tu ri” n in g 3 .3 .1 -b a n d i u z lu k s iz t a ’lim n i riv o jla n tir is h d a I-IV s in f la rd a o ‘q itis h n i ta s h k il q il- is h n in g re ja la ri k o ‘rsa tilg a n . M a k ta b t a ’lim i o ld ig a ta m o m ila y a n g i m a q s a d la m in g q o ‘y ilis h i m a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h m a z m u n in in g tu b d a n o ’z g a r is h ig a o lib k e lm o q d a . M a te m a tik a b o sh la n g N c h k u rsi m a z m u n id a h a m , d a r s lik v a q o N la n m a la rd a n fo y d a la n is h m e to d ik a s id a h a m riv o jla n is h b o N ish in i ta la b q ila d i. M a te m a tik a s o ‘z i g re k c h a “ m a th e m a ” s o ‘z id a n o lin g a n b o N ib , u n in g m a ’n o si “ fa n la m i b ilis h ” d e m a k d ir. M a te m a tik a fa n in in g 6 o ‘r g a n a d ig a n o b y e k ti fa z o v iy s h a k lla r v a u la r o ra s id a g i m iq d o r iy m u n o s a b a tla r d a n ib o ra td ir. M a k ta b m a te m a tik a k u rs in in g m a q s a d i o ‘q u v c h ila r g a u la m in g p s ix o lo g ik x u s u s iy a tla rin i h is o b g a o lg a n h o ld a m a te m a tik b ilim la r tiz im in i b e r is h d a n ib o ra td ir. B u m a te m a tik b ilim la r tiz im i m a ’lu m u s u lla r i (m e to d ik a ) o rq a li o ‘q u v c h ila r g a y e tk a z ila d i. “ M e to d ik a ” g re k c h a s o ‘z b o ‘lib , “ m e to d ” d e g a n i “ y o ‘l ” m a ’n o s in i a n g la ta d i. M a te m a tik a m e to d ik a s i p e d a g o g ik a f a n la ri tiz im ig a k iru v c h i p e d a g o g ik a f a n in in g ta rm o g ‘i b o ‘lib , ja m iy a t to m o n id a n q o ‘y ilg a n o ‘q itis h m a q s a d la r ig a m u v o f iq m a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h q o n u n iy a tla rin i m a te m a tik a riv o jin in g m a ’lu m b o s q ic h id a ta tb iq q ila d i. 0 ‘q itis h d a y a n g i m a q s a d la m in g q o ‘y ilis h i m a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h m a z m u n in in g tu b d a n o ‘z g a r is h ig a o lib k e ld i. B o s h la n g N c h s in f o ‘q u v c h ila rig a m a te m a tik a d a n s a m a ra li t a ’ lim b e r ilis h i u c h u n o ‘q itu v c h i b o s h la n g N c h s in f la rd a m a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h m e to d ik a s in i e g a lla b , c h u q u r o ‘z la s h tirib o lm o g N z a ru r. M a te m a tik a b o s h la n g N c h t a ’lim m e to d ik a s in in g p re d m e ti q u y - id a g ila rd a n ib o ra t: 1. M a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h d a n k o ‘z d a tu tilg a n m a q s a d n i a s o s la s h ( n im a u c h u n m a te m a tik a o ‘q itila d i, o N g a tila d i). 2. M a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h m a z m u n in i ilm iy ish la b c h iq is h (n im a n i o N g a tis h ) b ir tiz im g a k e ltir ilg a n b ilim la r d a ra ja s in i o ‘q u v c h ila m in g y o s h x u s u s iy a tla r ig a m o s k e la d ig a n q ilib q a n d a y ta q s im la n s a , fan a s o s la r in i o N g a n is h d a iz c h illik t a ’m in la n a d i, o ‘q u v is h la rig a o ‘q u v m a s h g ‘u lo tla ri b e ra d ig a n y u k la m a b a r ta r a f q ilin a d i, t a ’lim n in g m a z m u n i o ‘q u v c h ila m in g a n iq b ilim b ilis h im k o n iy a tla rig a m o s k e la d i. 3 . 0 ‘q itis h m e to d la rin i ilm iy is h la b c h iq is h (q a n d a y o ‘q itis h k e r a k , y a ’n i, o ‘q u v c h ila r h o z irg i k u n d a z a r u r b o N g a n iq tis o d iy b ilim la m i, m a la k a , k o ‘n ik m a la m i v a a q liy fa o liy a t q o b iliy a tla rin i e g a lla b o lis h la ri u c h u n o ‘q u v is h la ri m e to d ik a s i q a n d a y b o N ish i k e r a k ? 4 . 0 ‘q itis h v o s ita la ri - d a rs lik la r, d id a k tik m a te r ia lla r, k o N g a z - m a li q o N la n m a la r v a o ‘q u v - te x n ik a v o s ita la rid a n fo y d a la n is h (n im a y o r d a m id a o ‘q itish ). 5. T a ’lim n i ta s h k il q ilis h n i ilm iy is h la b c h iq is h (d a rs n i v a t a ’lim n in g d a rs d a n ta s h q a ri sh a k lla rin i q a n d a y ta s h k il etish ): 7 o ‘qitish vositalari o ‘qitish m az muni o ‘qitish shakl lari 0 ‘q itis h n in g m a q s a d i, m a z m u n i, m e to d la ri, v o s ita la ri va s h a k lla ri m e to d ik jih a tla r in in g a s o s iy ta rk ib la rid a m u ra k k a b , u n i o ‘z ig a x o s g ra fik b ila n ta s v irla s h m u m k in . M a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h m e to d ik a s i b o s h q a fa n la r, e n g a v v a lo , m a te m a tik a fa n i - o ‘z in in g ta y a n c h fa n i b ila n u z v iy b o g ‘liq. H o z irg i z a m o n m a te m a tik a s i n a tu ra l s o n tu s h u n c h a s in i a s o s - la s h d a t o ‘p la m la r n a z a r iy a s ig a ta y a n a d i. B o s h la n g N c h s in fla r u c h u n m o M jallan g an h o z irg i z a m o n m a te m a tik a d a rs lig in in g b irin c h i sin fi u c h u n b e rilg a n q u y id a g i to p - s h iriq la rg a d u c h k e la m iz : “ R a s m d a n e c h ta y u k m a s h in a s i b o ‘ls a , b ir q a to rd a s h u n c h a k a ta k n i b o ‘y a , ra s m d a n e c h ta a v to b u s b o ‘Isa, 2 - q a to rd a s h u n c h a k a ta k n i b o ‘y a» . B u n d a y to p sh iriq la m i b ajarish b o la la m i k o ‘rsatilg a n t o ‘p la m la r elem e n tla ri o ra sid a o ‘za ro b ir q iy m a tli m o slik o ‘m a tish g a u n d ay d i, b u e s a n atu ral so n tu sh u n c h asin i sh a k lla n tirish d a m u h im a h a m iy a tg a ega. M O ‘ M (m a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h m e to d ik a s i) u m u m iy m a te m a tik a m e to d ik a s ig a bogM iq. U m u m iy m a te m a tik a m e to d ik a s i to m o n id a n b e lg ila n g a n q o n u n iy a tla r k ic h ik y o s h d a g i o ‘q u v c h ila m in g y o s h x u s u s iy a tla rin i h is o b g a o lg a n h o ld a is h la b c h iq ila d i. B o s h la n g N c h s i n f M O ‘M p e d a g o g ik a v a y a n g i p e d a g o g ik te x n o lo g iy a fa n i b ila n u z v iy b o g N iq b o N ib , u n in g q o n u n iy a tla rig a t a y a n a d i. M O ‘M b ila n p e d a g o g ik a o ra s id a ik k i to m o n la m a b o g N a n is h m a v ju d . Download 7.79 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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