Bufer sistemalar

KO‘RILADIGAN MASALALAR

• 
  Bufer sistemalarning tuzilishi va turlari
  
• 
  Bufer sistemalarning pHini hisoblash
  
• 
  Bufer sistemalarning ta‘sir etish mehanizmi
  
• 
  Bufer sig’imi
  
• 
  Odam organizmining bufer sistemalari
  
• 
  Bufer sistemalarning tibbiyot va biologiyadagi ahamiyati
  

Bufer sistemalarning turlari
Bufer sistemalar ikki turga bo’linadi:
1. Kuchsiz kislota va shu kislotaning kuchli
asos bilan hosil qilgan tuzining aralashmasi.
Masalan: CH₃COOH + CH₃COONa - atsetatli
bufer eritma
2. Kuchsiz asos va shu asosning kuchli kislota
bilan hosil qilgan tuzining aralashmasi.
Masalan: NH₄OH + NH₄Cl - ammiakli bufer
eritma
Ko’riladigan bufer sistemalar

• 
  CH₃COOH + CH₃COONa - atsetatli bufer sistema
  
• 
  NH₄OH + NH₄Cl - ammiakli bufer sistema
  
• 
  H₂CO₃ + NaHCO₃ - gidrokarbonatli bufer sistema
  
• 
  NaH₂PO₄ + Na₂HPO₄ - fosfatli bufer sistema
  
• 
  PtCOOH + PtCOONa - oqsilli bufer sistema
  
• 
  HHb + KHb - gemoglobinli bufer sistema
  
• 
  HHbO₂ + KHbO₂ - oksigemoglobinli bufer sistema
  

Kislotali bufer sistema uchun Genderson-Gasselbah tenglamasi
CH₃COOH CH₃COO^- + H⁺
CH₃COONa CH₃COO^- + Na⁺
[H⁺][CH₃COO^-]
Kislota uchun: K_dis.=------------------- yoki:
[CH₃COOH]
[CH₃COOH]
[H⁺] = K_dis.-----------------
[CH₃COO^-]
Kislotali bufer sistema uchun
Genderson-Gasselbah tenglamasi
[CH₃COOH]
-lg [H⁺] = -lgK_dis.- lg----------------
[CH₃COO^-]

C _tuz

pH = pK_k-ta + lg -----------
C _{k-ta
Asosli bufer sistema uchun
Genderson-Gasselbah tenglamasi
NH4OH NH4}⁺ _{+ OH}^-
_{NH4Cl NH4}⁺ _{+ Cl}^-
_[NH4⁺_][OH^-_{]
Asos uchun: Kdis.=------------------- yoki:
[NH4OH]
[NH4OH]
[OH}^-_{] = Kdis.-----------------
[NH4}⁺_{] .}