By specialty

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE OF THE
REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

KARAKALPAKISTAN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE

AND AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY
<<___________________________________>>

BY SPECIALTY
<<____________________________________>>

INDEPENDENT WORK

IN ENGLISH

Completed by: ____________

Accepted: ____________

NUKUS-2022

Plan:
1.What are GMOs?
2.What are Organic foods?


Organic and GMOs

The use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is prohibited in organic products. This means an organic farmer can’t plant GMO seeds, an organic cow can’t eat GMO alfalfa or corn, and an organic soup producer can’t use any GMO ingredients.
To meet the USDA organic regulations, farmers and processors must show they aren’t using GMOs, and that they are protecting their products from contact with prohibited substances, such as GMOs, from farm to table.

What are GMOs?

• 
  You’ve probably heard about GMOs, which are also referred to as genetically modified organisms, GE (genetically engineered), herbicide-tolerant (HT) or Bt crops. In simple terms, a GMO is an organism that has been changed by injecting it with genetic material from another species.
  
• 
  From The Organic Center’s GE report: GE seeds were introduced commercially in 1996 and now dominate the production of corn, soybeans, and cotton in the United States. GE crops contain one or both of two major categories of traits:
  
• 
  Herbicide-tolerant (HT) crops, more commonly known as "Roundup Ready crops," are genetically engineered to survive direct application of one or more herbicides during the growing season, chemicals that would otherwise kill or severely stunt the crop.
  
• 
  Bt crops are engineered to produce toxins...that kill certain agricultural insect pests.
  
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  The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA’s) National Organic Program (NOP) regulations prohibit the use of “excluded methods” during the production or handling of any organic product. Excluded methods are defined in the regulation as “a variety of methods used to genetically modify organisms or influence their growth and development by means that are not possible under natural conditions or processes, and are not considered compatible with organic production.” (7 CFR 205.1)
  
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  Under USDA’s NOP, excluded methods do not include traditional plant breeding, conjugation, fermentation, hybridization, in vitro fertilization, or tissue culture.
  
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  Since the release of the organic regulations in 2002, “excluded methods” have been referred to as genetic engineering (GE) or genetically modified organisms (GMOs).