CepStudie
EU Framework ...................................................................................................................... 3
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cepInput Environmental Taxation France (1)
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- Environmental Taxes in France – the Legal Perspective........................................................... 4 5
- Input Environmental Taxation in France 3 1 Introduction
- 2 EU Framework
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EU Framework ...................................................................................................................... 3 3 Environmental Taxes – an Economic Perspective .................................................................... 3 4 Environmental Taxes in France – the Legal Perspective........................................................... 4 5 The System of Environmental Taxes in France ........................................................................ 6 5.1 Energy Taxes .......................................................................................................................... 7 5.2 Transport Taxes ..................................................................................................................... 7 5.3 Taxes on Pollution and Resources ......................................................................................... 9 6 Assessment ......................................................................................................................... 10 7 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 11 Tables Table 1: Transport taxes in France ...................................................................................................... 9 cepInput Environmental Taxation in France 3 1 Introduction Environmental taxes are used by Member States as a means to achieve environmental standards set by EU law, such as the Directive 1 on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants. 2 As the legislative procedure to adopt EU tax law requires the unanimity of the Council, Member States struggle to agree on a common taxation framework for environmental taxes. Thus, the fact that environmental taxes are adopted at national level leads to large tax differences within the EU. For example, environmental tax revenues in France as a share of GDP are well below the EU average. In the run-up to expected legislative initiatives of the EU Commission as part of the Green Deal – including one on screening and benchmarking green budgeting practices of the Member States and of the EU 3 – this cepInput analyses the current framework of environmental taxes in France, in particular taxes on transport, pollution and resources and seeks to draw lessons which may also apply to other Member States. First, we present the EU framework (section 2), as well as the economic and the French legal perspectives (sections 3 and 4). Next, we detail environmental taxes in France (section 5) and evaluate their effectiveness (section 6). We end by drawing some conclusions (section 7). 2 EU Framework The definition of an environmental tax is harmonised at the EU level by Regulation on European environmental economic accounts. 4 According to this Regulation, an environmental tax is “a tax whose base is a physical unit [...] of something that has a proven, specific negative impact on the environment [...]”. 5 It is therefore defined by its base and not by the way in which its revenues are used nor by the intention behind its establishment. This definition is used by both Eurostat and the French system of national accounts. 6 Download 373.93 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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