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No 12 | 2020 26 May 2020
Environmental Taxation in France
Greening the French Culture of Taxation
Marie-Laure Dauteuil, Ola Hanafi & Marion Jousseaume
In the run-up to potential initiatives of the EU Commission as part of the European Green Deal, the effectiveness
of environmental taxation in Europe needs to improve. For France this means:
Environmental taxation in France is characterized by a wide range of low-rate taxes,
mainly in the transport
sector. The French bonus-malus system proved to be successful in reducing CO
2
emissions from new vehicles
but suffered from rebound effects.
In 2020, France has increased its non-energy environmental taxes. This should
be the start of a further
gradual rise in environmental tax rates
– including energy tax rates based on the CO
2
content of fossil fuels –
in line with the other EU Member States.
The EU should set harmonized criteria for environmental taxation by its Member
States to create a level
playing field in the internal market.
To improve their acceptance, environmental taxes must be freed from the corset of having to be spent on
environmental purposes or to increase the State budget. Instead, France should
redistribute a considerable
share of the revenues from environmental taxes to households and industries.
France should design its environmental taxation in a way that matches the specific
purpose of a tax and
meets with public acceptance.
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