Cfd modelling of h-darrieus vertical axis wind turbine

Partial Differential Equation 
BC 
Boundary condition 
GE 
Governing Equations 
TSR 
Tip Speed Ratio 
C
p
Power Co-efficient 
CAD 
Computer-Aided design 
A 
Area 
Cµ 
Dimensionless Constant 
E 
Energy 
F 
Force 
g 
Gravitational acceleration 
h 
Height 
h
o
Specific total enthalpy 
i 
Internal energy 
k 
Turbulent kinetic energy 
M 
Mass 
N 
Rotational speed 
P 
Power 

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XII 
P
k
Turbulence production 
R 
Radius 

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 
1.1 RENEWABLE ENERGY SITUATION IN BANGLADESH 
The global energy demand, which is ever increasing, has risen sharply in the recent years. The 
developing countries’ demand tops in this list. The developing countries like Bangladesh are now 
looking for cleaner means to cope up with this demand. At present, Bangladesh shares only 3% of 
renewable energy out of the total energy ratio [1]. However, Bangladesh has taken master plans to 
develop in the renewable energy sector. At present, one-third of this power production depends on 
imported fossil fuel which is expensive. About 65% of power generation depends on natural gas 
reserve of the country which is a source on the verge of exhaustion. Under this circumstances, the 
adoption of renewable energy sources for fulfilling the present and future demand is inevitable. 
Table 1: The present electricity scenario of Bangladesh [2], [3], [4] 
Statistics 
2020-2021 
Access to Electricity 
99.5% 
Power Generation Capacity 
22031 MW 
Distribution Line 
612310 km 
Number of consumers 
21 lacs post-paid 
customers 
Per Capita Power Generation 
475 kWh 
Transmission Line 
12835 circuit km 
Distribution System Loss 
6.6% 
The primary source of energy in Bangladesh is gas, which provides 65% of total energy 
consumption. After that, heavy fuel, high-speed diesel, and coal provide 18%, 7 % and 2%, 
respectively. Bangladesh imports around 5% of its total energy consumption from nearby countries. 
Renewable energy provides only 3% of the total energy in Bangladesh. Energy consumptions based 
on fuel type are shown in Figure 1. Bangladesh has around 9200 kilometers of transmission lines 
and 332,000 kilometers of distribution lines. The growth of electricity generation and distribution 
lines was around 10% in 2016 [5]. 

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