Chapter 1 the study of collocations

Table 24.  Summary of the results of the Kruskal-Wallis tests and post-hoc 
analyses for the essay data 
 
 
 
 
Dunn’s Procedure: Mean Rank Differences 
 
248

---

Type 
 K-W         1   vs.  2 
      2    vs.    3 
      1    vs.    3 
1. Noun Prep 
15.664  122.401-136.926    136.926<154.894*  122.401<154.894* 
2. Noun to inf 
  6.832  132       -139.33 
 139.33 -142.678  
132       -142.678 
4. Prep Noun 19.104 
129.742<163.234* 
163.234>119.994* 
129.742-119.994 
5. Adjective Prep    6.118  125.242<144.601*  144.601-144.006 
125.242<144.006* 
11. SV(O)prepO 
14.592  146.33  -154.053 
154.053>112.811*  146.33  >112.811* 
12. SV to inf 
41.069    97.242<166.83* 
166.83  >149.1* 
  97.242<149.1* 
13. SV inf 
71.452    89.11  <144.34* 
144.34  <180.811*    89.11  <180.811* 
14. SVV-ing 
  6.19  137.198-147.963 
147.963>128.406*  137.198-128.406 
15. SVO to inf 16.115 
127.473-136.239 136.239-150.483 127.473<150.483* 
19. SV(O) that 
45.251  103.11  <141.569*  141.569<169.55* 
103.11  <169.55* 
21. SVOc 
19.721  128       -135.154 
135.154-151.083 
128      <151.083* 
24. SV(O) wh 
  8.585  128.06  <147.096*  147.096-138.55 
128.06  -138.55 
26. SVc 41.535 
170.088>147.202* 
147.202>95.944* 
170.088>95.944* 
29. Adj Noun 63.637 
177.049>149.261* 
149.261>86.756* 
177.049>86.756* 
31. N
1
of N
2
 
  8.371  135.588-133.936 
133.936-144.683 
135.588-144.683 
36. Prep Det N 16.584 
113.813<158.527* 
158.527>141.017* 
113.813<141.017* 
37. Phrasal Verb 51.136 
116.082<175.399* 175.399>121.1*  116.082<121.1* 
*: Significant at the .05 level 
< or >: direction of the difference 
 
4.2.1.1.1  Kruskal-Wallis Analyses for the Essay Data 
 
 
249

---

 Type 
1. 
Noun Preposition - Results of the Kruskal-Wallis test for 
numbers of tokens of Noun Preposition collocations used in the subjects' essays 
show a significant main effect for the factor Group (Kruskal-Wallis c
2
 
(2, N = 
275) = 15.664, p = .0004).  The table of means, Table 25, shows that the mean 
number of tokens used per group increases across groups.  The results of the 
post-hoc Dunn's multiple comparisons procedure show significant differences 
at the p < .05 level between numbers of tokens of this type used in Groups 1 
and 3, and in Groups 2 and 3, but not in Groups 1 and 2 (see Table 24). 
 
 Type 
2. 
Noun to Infinitive - Results of the Kruskal-Wallis test for 
numbers of tokens of Noun to Infinitive collocations used in the subjects' essays 
show the difference between groups to be significant (Kruskal-Wallis c
2
 (2, N = 
275) = 6.832, p = .0328).  However, the results of the Dunn's multiple 
comparisons procedure show no significant difference between any pairs of 
groups at the p < .05 level, even though the mean number of tokens used per 
group increases across groups and the difference between Group 1 and Group 
2 is approaching significance (see Table 24).