Chapter II evolution of stock exchanges
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- Fig: 2.10
0 1000 2000 3000
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1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 44 32 139 111 237 392 457 593
747 2058
3075 4624
4931 M ill io n $ Year 0 0.02 0.04 0.06
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0.12 0.14
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 P e rc e n t Year
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Volume of Shares Traded in KSE during 1995-2007(In Millions)
Source: - Central Bank of Sudan, Annual Report, 2007. Arab Monetary Fund (AMF), 4 th Quarterly AMDB Bulletins, 2003-2007. Hearn, B. (2008)
Figure 2.11 Value of Shares Traded in KSE during 1995-2007(Million Dollars)
Source: - Central Bank of Sudan, Annual Report, 2007. Arab Monetary Fund (AMF), 4 th Quarterly AMDB Bulletins, 2003-2007. Hearn, B. (2008 )
0 1000 2000 3000
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10000 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 N u m b er Year 0 100 200 300
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1000 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 D o lla r Year
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Liquidity generally refers to the ability to buy and sell securities easily. Two measures of liquidity commonly used in the literature: total value traded to GDP and the turnover ratio. Total value traded to GDP gives the total value of shares traded in relation to the size of the economy and the turnover ratio gives the total value of shares traded in relation to the size of the market . Figure 2.12 shows that there is an increase of turnover ratio from less than 8 percent prior to 2000 to over 20 percent in 2006. Then there is a decline in the turnover ratio at the end of 2007. Figure 2.13 also shows that total value traded to GDP did not exceed more than 3 percent during the period of 1995-2007. This can be seen as characterized by low levels of trading activities and several factors could account for this.
The Khartoum equity market is highly concentrated with only two listed firms, Sudatel and Sudanese Free Zones & Markets Companies. Sudatel listing in 1997 and increase the company's capital in 2004 resulted in an increase in total market capitalization. During 2004 Sudatel is dominant in terms of market capitalization 63 percent and trading activity 74 percent. Sudatel stock was traded on all 244 working days, whilst the next-highest trading activity 11.44 percent was that of Sudanese Free Zones & Markets, which traded for 44 days in 2004. Other stocks, such as Gum Arabic Company and the Sudanese Islamic Investment Bank, were frequently traded for 79 days and 56 days, respectively, but these lacked size and value (Hearn et al, 2008). The local market also has a highly concentrated brokerage industry with one dominant broker. The Financial Investment Bank was established in 1997 through a government initiative to assist domestic stock market investment and facilitate the listing of the Sudatel Telecommunications Company. Brokerage is dominated by government control and lacks sufficient capitalization for market development (Hearn et al, 2008).
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