Cloud Control System Architectures, Technologies and Applications on Intelligent and Connected Vehicles: a Review

5 Conclusions

The paper systematically reviewed cloud control system for intelligent and connected vehicle in terms of concepts, architectures, and technologies. Based on the literature surveyed and analyzed in this paper, the cloud control system’s concept was formed from plenty of cloud related intelligent and connected vehicle applications, its system architecture can be designed by implementing the cyber physical system design methodology, and its core and supportive technologies are featured with multi-discipline integration, wide-range interaction and frontier commonality.
Regarding to the current development, it can be concluded as follows.

1. 
   Multi-stage cloud system that includes center and edge clouds, as well as individual vehicles can be the basic structure.
   
2. 
   The cooperative control especially cloud control over autonomous vehicle can be effective in smoothing traffic flow.
   
3. 
   The design methodology based on cyber physical system is an effective way in cloud control system development.
   
4. 
   The core and supportive technologies have already been developed with preliminary works ready for cloud control system construction.
   

However, some challenges still block wide application of cloud control system. For instance, it is still required to build cloud control system construction and operation plan at the national level. The right to data confirmation that related to intelligent and connected vehicle is still a major problem that needs classification. On the standard side, it is still necessary to find the way to build cloud control system standard system and services methodology. On the propagation side, a method to effectively promote cloud control system application examples and an overall planning for system distribution have not been developed.
According to the challenges mentioned above, the research directions of cloud control system should be concluded here as well.

1. 
   It is necessary to focus on top layer design development and put the task as government policy at national level.
   
2. 
   Developing a base platform to support cloud control system for cooperative task should become the major process of system architecture development.
   
3. 
   The cooperative perception, path planning and control among vehicle, road, and cloud should become a new trend in the cloud control system technology development.