Course paper Theme: Verbs as a part of speech, grammatical categories of verbs

· notionalwhich possess full lexical meaning

· seminotional– they have very general faded lexical meaning

· a. auxiliary verbs- they perform purely grammatical function. They have no lexical meaning, only grammatical //do, be

· b. modal verbs- they express relational meaning, ability, obligation and so on.

· c. link verbs-introducing predicative which is expressed by noun, adj, phrase (to seem)

Here we’re to mention of the existence of the notional link verbs, these are verbs which have the power to perform the function of link verbs and they preserve their lexical value. Ex: The Moon rose red. Due to the double syntactic character, the whole predicate is referred to as a double predicate (a predicate of double orientation)

· Notional verbs- the 1-st categorization on the basis of the subject process relation. The verbs are divided into actional and statal.

· Actional - express the action, performed by the subject (do, act, make)

· Statal verbs- they denote the state of their subject (be, stand, know)

This criteria apply to more specific subsets of words: ex: The verbs of mental process, here we observe the verbs of mental perception and activity, sensual process (see-look)

The 2-nd categorization is based on the aspective characteristic. Too aspective subclasses of verbs should be recognized in English limitive (close,arrive) and unlimitive (behave,move). The basis of this division is the idea of a processual limit. That is some border point beyond which the process doesn’t exist.

The 3-rd categorization is based on the combining power of the verbs. The combing power of words in relation to other words in syntactically subordinate positions is called their syntactic valency. Syntactic valency may be obligatory and optional. The obligatory adjuncts are called complements and optional adjuncts are called supplements. According as verbs have or don’t have the power to take complements, the notional words should be classed as complimentive (transitive and intransitive) or uncomplimentive (personal and impersonal)