D. V. Demidov

partially predicative, transitive and intransitive, actional and statal, 
factive and evaluative, etc. E.g.: 
walk, sail, prepare, shine, blow – can, may, shall, be, 
become; 

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take, put, speak, listen, see, give – live, float, stay, ache, 
ripen, rain; 
write, play, strike, boil, receive, ride – exist, sleep, rest, 
thrive, revel, suffer; 
roll, tire, begin, ensnare, build, tremble – consider, 
approve, mind, desire, hate, incline. 
Adjectives are subcategorised into qualitative and relative, 
of constant feature and temporary feature (the latter are referred to 
as ―statives‖ and identified by some scholars as a separate part of 
speech under the heading of "category of state"), factive and 
evaluative, etc. E.g.: 
long, red, lovely, noble, comfortable – wooden, rural, 
daily, subterranean, orthographical; 
healthy, sickly, joyful, grievous, wry, blazing – well, ill, 
glad, sorry, awry, ablaze; 
tall, heavy, smooth, mental, native – kind, brave, 
wonderful, wise, stupid. 
The adverb, the numeral, aw 
Alongside of the three-criteria principle of dividing the 
words into grammatical (lexico-grammatical) classes modern 
linguistics has developed another, narrower principle of word-
class identification based on syntactic featuring of words only.
The fact is, that the three-criteria principle faces a special 
difficulty in determining the part of speech status of such lexemes 
as have morphological characteristics of notional words, but are 
essentially distinguished from notional words by their playing the 
role of grammatical mediators in phrases and sentences. Here 
belong, for instance, modal verbs together with their equivalents – 
suppletive fillers, auxiliary verbs, aspective verbs, intensifying 
adverbs, determiner pronouns. This difficulty, consisting in the 
intersection of heterogeneous properties in the established word-

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classes, can evidently be overcome by recognising only one 
criterion of the three as decisive.