Die Anschläge in New York und Washington am 11

emergency concepts 
to cope with the unavailability of 
personnel
is also recommended.

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3.4.2 Risk and crisis communication 
 
Commensurate communication of the maximum possible 
efficiency is of pre-eminent importance both ahead of 
possible crisis events and, in particular, after the occurrence 
of serious damage relating to critical infrastructures. To this 
end a communication concept should be available, 
covering the following elements, for example: 
Prior to the occurrence of a crisis, which can never be 
fully ruled out, appropriate forms of communication 
must be identified and promoted in order to inform and 
instil the necessary understanding in the population, 
should a crisis event occur.
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Crisis communications 
As complete protection can never be guaranteed, 
measures pertaining to external hazard control are of 
particular importance in the anticipatory phase. The 
competent authorities must receive the necessary 
information from the operators and undertake the 
measures which fall within their scope of authority. A 
substantial proportion of the information required to 
enable assessment of the threat situation by the operators 
and the authorities must be available on the basis of the 
regulations pertaining to the security report (Section 9 of 
Störfallverordnung) and to the alarm and hazard control 
plans (Section 10 of Störfallverordnung, Land laws on fire 
protection and disaster management). For facilities 
relating to critical infrastructures which are not subject to 
the Ordinance on Major Incidents, the necessary 
information should be gathered and documented as an 
essential element of integrated security management. 
Swift action and communications are of crucial 
importance in crises. In such situations, the public and 
private sectors need to respond in a coordinated and 
practical manner. Against this background, the 
appropriate forms of internal and external 
communications should be defined in advance, according 
special consideration to the electronic media (and their