Discourse analysis

Activity 2 Discuss with your partner the following questions.

1. 
   How many other situations can you think of where framing moves are commonly used to divide up the discourse, apart from classrooms, telephone calls and job interviews?
   
2. 
   Complete the list of what you think the most common framing words or phrases are in English and make a list of framing words in any other language you know. Do framing words translate directly from language to language?
   
3. 
   What is your favorite framing word or phrase when you talk on the phone
   

• 
  Make a list of framing words in English and in L1 while listening other groups opinion.
  

Activity 3 Look back to the activity 1. Say what structure does the lesson discourse have. Is it always the same? Write down example of this structure e.g.
T: what is that
P: an axe
T: It’s an axe, yes

• 
  Find other examples of EXCHANGES in real life e.g
  

A: What time is it?
B: Six thirty.
A: Thanks.
This kind of exchange consist of three part exchange (“question”, “answer”, “comment”), each part is named MOVE . Each move has its function first - “What time is it?” –opening move, initiations, second move “Six thirty.”- answering move, response, and the third “Thanks”- follow up move

• 
  Look at the table below try to fill the other exchanges 2,3 with your own findings in English and in L1
  

MOVE	Exchange 1	Exchange 2	Exchange 3
opening	What time is it?
response	Six thirty
Follow -up	thanks

• 
  Every exchange has to be initiated, whether with a statement, a question or a command; equally naturally, someone responds, whether in words or action. The status of the follow-up move is slightly different: in the classroom it fulfils the vital role of telling the pupils whether they have done what the teacher wanted them to; in other situ­ations it may be an act of politeness, and the follow-up elements might even be extended further e.g. as in Uzbek after “thank you” people expected to receive “not at all”.
  
• 
  Many English speakers would feel using “not at all”, is unnecessary for a minor favor and would omit it. Phrases such as 'not at all' are used for occasions where it is felt a great service has been done, for example where someone has been helped out of a difficult situation. The patterns of such exchanges may vary from culture to culture, and language learners may have to adjust to differences. They also vary from setting to setting: when English people say 'thank you' to a ticket collector at a station barrier as their clipped ticket is handed back to them, they wouldn’t expect 'not at all' from the ticket collector in British society.