Edition 2020 Ninth edition


EVIP 2 Valuation and Other Issues for  Recurrent Property Taxation


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EVIP 2 Valuation and Other Issues for 
Recurrent Property Taxation
 
Summary
1. The European Semester and recurrent property taxation
2. Defining the properties
3. Valuation
4. Maintaining the valuation register
5. Revaluation
6. Challenges, disputes and appeals
7. Applying the tax
8. Exemptions and reliefs
9. Higher or additional charges


238
IV. - EVIP 2: Valuation and Other Issues for Recurrent Property Taxation
European Valuation Standards 2020
Summary
S1 
As part of the European Semester (or Economic Governance) programme, the 
EU is encouraging member states to shift the tax burden from a higher incidence 
of tax on labour to recurrent taxes on property, environmental taxes and con-
sumption taxes. There are anyway practical reasons why states have often found 
property to be a useful part of their tax base, being identifiable and immoveable.
S2 
A basis must be decided for determining the value of each taxable property. That 
might use capital values or Rental Values, whether of the property as it is or of 
the land underneath it, and whether assessed on ownership or on occupation. 
Those choices may reflect local circumstances and may be different between 
classes of property, such as residential and non-residential. The valuations will 
need agreed assumptions which should be applied to all comparable proper-
ties so that they are assessed on the same basis. All valuations should be as at 
the same date so that all properties are treated equally. The process should be 
transparent to the taxpayer.
S3 
While it is likely that most properties can be valued on the basis of market 
transactions, sales or lettings, relevant to the valuation date, there will always 
be some properties for which there may be little or no evidence and for which 
other approaches will have to be found. These will need to be tested carefully as 
they are developed.
S4 
A property taxation system requires an accurate and comprehensive register of 
properties that is kept up to date. European Semester recommendations have 
focused on the need for member states to have current and accurate registers
most have taken measures to comply.
S5 
Valuations need to be reviewed and updated on a regular basis so that the tax 
base accurately follows changes in relative property values. This Paper suggests 
that revaluing all properties on a regular 3 to 5 year cycle is likely to strike the 
right balance between fairness of valuations and uncertainty. Leaving this task 
too long will see values used for the tax become increasingly out of date and 
compound the political difficulty of re-valuing; annual review may be too de-
manding and not allow appeals to be heard before the next review takes effect.


European Valuation Standards 2020
IV. - EVIP 2: Valuation and Other Issues for Recurrent Property Taxation
239
S6 
An effective and independent appeal system is important both to achieve ac-
curate and fair valuations and also for the political respect that a property tax 
system needs among taxpayers.
S7 
Property tax systems commonly have defined exemptions, full or partial reliefs 
and sometimes higher rates for particular classes of property or particular types 
of potential tax payer.
S8 
Fundamentally, a good tax system must be efficient, serve its objectives, not 
have perverse outcomes and command taxpayers' respect.


240
IV. - EVIP 2: Valuation and Other Issues for Recurrent Property Taxation
European Valuation Standards 2020
1. The European Semester and recurrent property taxation
1.1. 
The EU's European Semester involves a shift of the tax burden to property and 
away from the distinctively high taxes on labour that are levied in many member 
states whilst having a neutral effect on the overall level of taxation. The EU 
favours annual recurrent taxation as opposed to transaction tax so as to, inter 
alia, promote labour mobility.
1.2. 
That approach is followed through in the regular editions of country specific rec-
ommendations by the European Council. As a result, Malta is the only member 
state that has not had a recurrent tax on property, though the introduction of a 
general recurrent tax failed politically in Croatia and is now no longer planned, 
there being, however, municipal fees and a charge on holiday homes based on 
their area in m
2
.
1.3. 
Nonetheless, the European Commission still noted in 2018 that:

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