Education, science and innovations of the republic of uzbekistan samarkand state institute of foreign languages chair of english philology

Practical value of the work: is that it is used as a material on the lectures of summary of the difference between inflectional and derivational morphemes. The Structure of the course paper consists of introduction, two chapters, five plans, conclusion and the bibliography. The first paragraph is about the overview of the inflectional morphemes, The second paragraph is about the main features of derivational morphemes. The third paragraph is named the types of English Derivational Morphemes. The fourth paragraph is about inflectional and derivational morphemes' unique features and the last paragraph named the examples of inflectional and derivational Morphemes conclusion. Bibliography consists of books, essays, works and articles about summary of the difference between inflectional and derivational morphemes in world literature and English literature.
The actuality of the course work: This course work will address the important role of verbs in most languages, have so many distinctive features that it is absolutely necessary to recognize them as a separate class of words, even if in some cases one or another characteristic feature is absent.


The purpose of the course work: The purpose of the study is to analyze the use of the categories of the English verb in the context, to show their essence. Researched degree of the course work. English verbs comprise a much easier verb system than that of other languages that have distinct inflectional verb endings for different persons and number, or even change the verb stem with various tenses and aspects.


The object and subject of the course work: The object of the work complete information about the grammatical categories of the verb. . The topics of the work are focused on complete information about grammatical categories of tense , voice, mood person and number of the verb , as well as their importance.


CHAPTER I. CLASSIFICATION OF THE VERB
1.1 Morphological classification
Verbs can be classified by meaning, form, and function.
In accordance with their stem-structure verbs, like other parts of speech, fall under the following groups
Simple verbs (live, hate, know, love)
Derived verbs (rewrite, organise, overestimate, underestimate)
Compound blackmail, kidnap.
2. Semantic classification ( the classification by meaning).
According to this classification, according to the character of lexical meaning, the verbs may be classified into:
a) notional which mean verbs possessing an independent individual meaning;
b) auxiliary verbs which have no lexical meaning and only help to form analytical forms of the verb (to be, to have, shall, will);
c) Semi-auxiliary verbs possessing a generalized meaning; they include: link-verbs (remain, get, become); aspective verbs (begin, start stop, finish); modal verbs (must, ought, should, can may); group verbs (to lose sight of, to put on weight, to lose weight).
A semi-auxiliary verb has no independent function in the sentence. It is used as part of a predicate (nominal or verbal). The main lexical meaning is comprised in the second element of the predicative which is expressed by a noun, adjective or verbal. However, a semi-auxiliary verb has an important syntactical function: it is used in a finite form and expresses the predicative categories of person, number, mood, tense. It may be used as a link verb and as part of a compound verbal or nominal predicate. [13,300]
Eg: She didnt seem to be tired. (auxiliary and link verb)
It was growing (getting) dark outside (link verb)
Eg: He must have seen her. (compound verbal predicate)
I can carry it quite easily. (compound verbal predicate)
Semi-auxiliary verbs such as modal verbs besides their primary meaning have generalized meaning. Group verbs contain a verb as the first element and a noun or an adjective as the second part: to lose sight (weight), to put on weight, to get angry.
The meaning of the verb is very vague here, very close to auxiliary as the first element loses its meaning.
3) The classification into subjective and objective verbs.
In this respect verbs are classified according to the lexical meaning and the syntactical setting. A verb which denotes an action associated only with its subject is called a subjective verb. All subjective verbs are intransitive and have no category of voice. Subjective verbs name actions the realization of which depends only on the agent.
Eg: Florence came in and sat down on a chair by the window.
Objective verbs express an action connected not only with their subjects but also with objects. Objective verbs may be transitive and intransitive.
Eg: Ive just received a letter from my sister.
Look after yourself.
Eg: to take, to give, to make, to throw, to read.
As objective verbs may be transitive, they have the category of voice. As the English verb is poly-semantic, you can find cases when the verbs may be subjective in one meaning and objective in another one.
Eg: He walked very slowly. (subjective)
He walked his dog up and down the beech. (objective)
4) Classification into terminative and durative verbs.
According to their lexical character verbs in English may be classified into two groups: terminative (предельные) and durative (непредельные). A terminative verb express an action which has a final aim in view, a certain limit beyond which the action can not be continued. For instance, the final aim of the action expressed by the verb to close is to have something closed; after you have closed it you cant go on closing this is the limit beyond which the action of the verb to close doesnt go. To the class of terminative verbs belong such verbs as to close, to open, to come, to build, to settle, to find, to lose and compound verbs such as to sit down, to stand up, to speak up, to throw, to jump up, to drop and etc. A terminative verb may be used in both aspects common and continuous. A durative verb expresses an action the action of which cannot be continued. To the class of durative verbs belong such verbs as: to like, to love, to hate, to detest , to move, to work, to wish, to watch, to shine, to smoke.[10,282]
Eg: “Mr Grath lived in a noisy narrow road of cracked terrace houses.
Besides the two main groups there exist an extensive group of verbs of a mixed (or double) character (terminative and durative).
Verbs of a mixed (or double) lexical character are such verbs which may have durative meaning in one context and terminative meaning in another.
To this class belong such verbs as: to sit, to stand, to kneel, to know, to remember and etc.
Eg: He had never particularly known him.
2. According to their morphological structure verbs are divided into:
a) simple (read, live, hide, speak),
b) derived, i.e. having affixes (magnify, fertilize, captivate, undo, decompose),
c) compound, i. e. consisting of two stems (daydream, browbeat),
d) composite, consisting of a verb and a postposition of adverbial origin (sit down, go away, give up).
The postposition often changes the meaning of the verb with which it is associated. Thus, there are composite verbs whose meaning is different from the meaning of their components: to give up—бpocaть, прекращать; to bring up—воспитывать; to do away— ликвидировать.
There are other composite verbs in which the original meaning of its components is preserved: to stand up, to come in, to go out, to put on.
The basic forms of the verb in Modern English are; the Infinitive, the Past Indefinite and Participle II: to speak—-spoke— spoken.

According to the way in which the Past Indefinite and Participle II are formed, verbs are divided into three groups: regular verbs, irregular verbs, and mixed verbs.
1. Regular verbs. They form the Past Indefinite and Participle II by adding -ed to the stem of the verb, or only -d if the stem of the verb ends in -e.
to want—wanted, to unite—united, to open—opened
The following spelling rules should be observed:
a) Final y is changed into i before the addition of -ed if it is preceded by a consonant: to carry — carried , to reply—replied
y remains unchanged if it is preceded by a vowel: to enjoy—enjoyed
b) If a verb ends in a consonant preceded by a short stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled: to stop — stopped, to plan —planned
Final r is not doubled when preceded by a diphthong: to appear — appeared
Final l is doubled if it is preceded by a short vowel, stressed or unstressed: to compel — compelled
2. Irregular verbs. Here belong the following groups of verbs:
a) verbs which change their root vowel: to sing — sang — sung,
b) verbs which change their root vowel and add -en for Participle II: to speak — spoke — spoken, to write —wrote—written
c) verbs which change their root vowel and add -d or -t :,to sell —sold —sold
d) verbs which change their final -d into -t : to send —sent —sent
e) verbs which have the same form for the Infinitive, Past Indefinite and Participle II: to put —put —put, to set—set—set

3. Mixed verbs. Their Past Indefinite is of the regular type, and their Participle II is of the irregular type: to show — showed — shown