Экзамен по стилистике Stylistics as a science and style as a main stylistic category

Literary reviews stand closer to essays both by their content and by their linguistic
form. More abstract words of logical meaning are used in them, they more often resort to emotional language and less frequently to traditional set expressions.
Articles. Irrespective of the character of the magazine and the divergence of subject matter – whether it is political, literary, popular-scientific or satirical – all the already mentioned features of the publicistic style are to be found in any article. The character of the magazine as well as the subject chosen affects the choice and use of stylistic devices.
Words of emotive meaning, for example, are few, if any, in popular scientific articles. Their exposition is more consistent and the system of connectives more expanded than, say, in a satirical style.
The language of political magazines’ article differs little from that of newspaper articles. But such elements of the publicistic style as rare and bookish words, neologisms (which sometimes require explanation in the text), traditional word combinations and parenthesis are more frequent here than in newspaper articles.


The newspaper FS
English newspaper writing dates from the 17^th century. The first of any regular English newspapers was the Weekly News which first appeared in May, 1622. The early English newspaper was principally a vehicle of information. Commentary found its way into the newspapers later. But as far back as the middle of the 18^th century the British newspaper was very much like what it is today, carrying foreign and domestic news, advertisements, announcements and articles containing comments.
Not all the printed materials found in newspapers come under newspaper style. Only materials which perform the function of informing the reader and providing him with an evaluation of information published can be regarded as belonging to newspaper style. English newspaper style can be defined as a system of interrelated lexical, phraseological and grammatical means which is perceived by the community as a separate linguistic unity that serves the purpose of informing and instructing the reader. Information in the English newspaper is conveyed through the medium of:

1. 
   brief news items;
   
2. 
   press reports;
   
3. 
   articles purely informational in character;
   
4. 
   advertisements and announcements.
   

The function of Brief items: is to inform the reader. It states only facts without giving comments. The vocabulary used is neutral and common literary. Specific features are:
a) special political and economic terms;
b) non-term political vocabulary;
c) newspaper clichés;
d) abbreviations;
e) neologisms.
Headlines. The main function is to inform the reader briefly of what the news is to follow about. Syntactically headlines are very short sentences, interrogative sentences, nominative sentences, elliptical sentences, sentences with articles omitted, headlines including direct speech.