Экзамен по стилистике Stylistics as a science and style as a main stylistic category

Advertisements and announcements. The function of advertisements and announcements is to inform the reader. There are two types of them: classified and non-classified. In classified the information is arranged according to the subject matter: births, marriages, deaths, business offers, personal etc.
The newspaper also seeks to influence public opinion on political and other matters. Elements of appraisal may be observed in the very selection and way of presentation of news, in the use of specific vocabulary, casting some doubt on the facts recorded, and syntactical constructions indicating a lack of assurance of the reporter or his desire to avoid responsibility. The principle vehicle of interpretation and appraisal is the newspaper article and the editorial in particular.
Editorial is a leading article which is characterized by a subjective handling of facts. This purpose defines the choice of language elements which are mostly emotionally colored.
Newspaper style has its specific vocabulary features and is characterized by an extensive use of:

1. 
   special political and economic terms (president, election);
   
2. 
   non-term political vocabulary (nation, crisis, agreement, member);
   
3. 
   newspaper clichés (pressing problem, danger of war, pillars of society);
   
4. 
   abbreviations (NATO, EEC);
   
5. 
   neologisms.
   

The scientific FS
The language of science is governed by the aim of the FS of scientific prose, which is to prove a hypothesis, to create new concepts, to disclose the internal laws of existence, development, relations between phenomena, etc. The language means used, therefore, tend to be objective, precise, unemotional, devoid of any individuality; there is a striving for the most generalized form of expression.
The first and most noticeable feature of the style is the logical sequence of utterances with clear indication of their interrelation and interdependence. The 2^nd and no less important one is the use of terms specific to a certain branch of science. The 3^rd characteristic feature is sentence pattern of three types: postulatory, argumentative and formulative. The 4^th observable feature is the use of quotations and references. The 5^th one is the frequent use of foot notes of digressive character. The impersonality of the scientific writing can also be considered a typical feature of this style.
The characteristic features enumerated above do not cover all the peculiarities of scientific prose, but they are the most essential ones.
The peculiarities are: objectiveness; logical coherence, impersonality, unemotional character, exactness.
Vocabulary. The use of terms and words used to express a specialized concept in a given branch of science. Terms are not necessarily. They may be borrowed from ordinary language but are given a new meaning.