Экзамен по стилистике Stylistics as a science and style as a main stylistic category

Incomplete rhymes present a greater variety. They can be divided into two main groups: vowel rhymes and consonant rhymes. In vowel-rhymes the vowels of the syllables in corresponding words are identical, but the consonants may be different as in flesh - fresh - press. Consonant rhymes, on the contrary, show concordance in consonants and disparity in vowels, as in worth - forth, tale – tool, treble - trouble; flung - long.
With regard to the structure of rhymes we distinguish: masculine (or single) rhyme, feminine (or double) rhyme, dactylic (or triple) rhyme, full double or broken rhyme.
Rhymes in words ending with a stressed syllable (monosyllabic rhymes) are called male-masculine or single rhymes. Ex.: dreams - streams, obey - away, understand – hand.
Rhymes in words or word combinations with the last syllable unstressed are female feminine, or double rhymes. Ex.: duty - beauty, berry – cherry – merry. The terms “male” and “female” have nothing in common with grammatical gender or sex in English and Russian. They appeared in French where the ending and the stress in certain adjectives differ in accordance with their gender.
Rhymes in which the stressed syllable is followed by two unstressed ones are dactylic rhymes or in English they’re called triple or treble rhymes. Ex.: tenderly - slenderly, battery – flattery.
As a rule it is single words that make a rhyme. Ex.: gray - pray, stone – alone.
Modifications in rhyming sometimes go so far as to make one word rhyme with a combination of words; or two or even three words rhyme with a corresponding two or three words, as in "upon her honor - won her", "bottom – forgot them - shot him", Ex.: favorite - savor it. Such rhymes are called compound or broken. The peculiarity of rhymes of this type is that the combination of words is made to sound like one word - a device which inevitably gives a colloquial and sometimes a humorous touch to the utterance. Compound rhyme may be set against what is called eye - rhyme (or “rhymes for the eye”), properly speaking this is not a rhyme - the letters and not the sounds are identical, as in love - prove, flood - brood, have – grave, home – come, now - grow, love - rove.
Farewell to the forest and wild-hanging woods
Farewell to the torrents and loud-pouring floods.
It follows that compound rhyme is perceived in reading aloud, eye - rhyme can only be perceived in the written verse.
The arrangements of rhymes may assume different schemes: couplet rhyme, cross rhyme, frame rhyme. The functions of rhyme in poetry are very important: it signalizes the end of a line and marks the arrangement of lines into stanzas.
Rhymeless verse is called blank verse. It is often used by play writers (like Shakespeare).
According to the position of rhyming lines, adjacent rhymes, crossing rhymes and ring rhymes are distinguished. In descriptions rhymes are usually replaced by letters of Latin alphabet, every new rhyme is symbolized by a new letter: A, B, C, D, E, etc.
Adjacent rhyme: A-A-B-B