Экзамен по стилистике Stylistics as a science and style as a main stylistic category

Arnold’s classification consists of four styles:
1.Poetic style
2.Scientific style
3.Newspaper style
4.Colloquial style
Morokhovsky, Vorobyova, Likhosherst give following classification of style:
1. official business style
2. scientific – professional style
3. publicistic style
4. literary colloquial style
5. familiar colloquial style
Kozhina lists type - forming and socially significant spheres of communication as follows:
1) official
2)scientific
3) artistic
4) publicistic
5) of daily intercourse (=colloquial).
The four major registers(varieties of language relating to different circumstances and purposes) distinguished and fixed in Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English are conversation, fiction, newspaper language, and academic prose.Register distinctions are defined in non-linguistic terms, with respect with situational characteristics such as mode, interactiveness, domain, communicative purpose, and topic.
In many cases registers are institutionalized varieties or text types within a culture, such as novels, letters, editorials, sermons and debates. However, registers can be defined at almost any level of generality. Thus, novels are the sub-register of the broader text variety of fiction. At the same time, novels themselves can be broken down into more detailed categories such as detective novels or historical novels.
When analyzing concrete texts, we discover that the boundaries between them sometimes be­come less and less discernible. Thus, for instance, the signs of difference are sometimes almost imper­ceptible between poetry and emotive prose; between newspaper FS and publicistic FS; between a popular scientific treatise; between an essay and a scientific article. But the extremes are apparent from the ways language units are used both structurally and semantically. The term "language style" in the above classification is used in order to emphasize the idea that the word "style" is applied purely to linguistic data.
While analyzing a text and referring it to a particular style or a substyle, one should bear in mind that style divisions do not coincide in different languages (as a result of tradition, language structure and some other grounds). Thus, a scientific text in English would sound like a popular-scientific one in Russian.