B7.1 Multi-word and single-word verbs
First of all we need to distinguish multi-words verbs from single-word verbs that are
simply followed by a prepositional phrase. An example of the latter would be:
I looked up the chimney
Here we have a single-word verb, look, and what follows is a prepositional phrase:
up the chimney. We can tell this by asking a wh- interrogative (see A8) and looking
at the answer:
Where did you look? Up the chimney.
Here look and up have their usual meanings.
Compare this with an example with a multi-word (phrasal) verb:
I looked up the word
where the corresponding question and answer would be
What did you look up? The word
and not
Where did you look? Up the word.
Clearly we have very different grammar at work here. There is also issue of meaning;
the meaning of look up cannot be guessed from its constituent words. It does not
mean to ‘look in an upward direction’; it means to ‘check something’.
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