English Through Reading for efl learners
English Through Reading for EFL Learners
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Intermediate-Reading-Passages
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- WORDS : metropolis
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English Through Reading for EFL Learners
INSTRUCTOR: DR. H. GHAEMI 7 terrorists used passenger jets to destroy them, in the terrible events of 9/11 - the 11th of September 2001. 13. Architectural dreamers of a hundred years ago or more imagined cities in the sky, giant buildings where people lived thousands of feet above the ground, above the clouds, above the pollution. Today, although some people believe that modern skyscrapers are too high, they now characterise cities all over the world; and they keep getting higher. Fires in a few tall buildings, for instance in Dubai, have led to further questions being asked; but in spite of the occasional disaster, skyscrapers are here to stay — at least for offices and city hotels. Symbols of our civilisation, they are not likely to be replaced. WORDS : metropolis : very big city - catch sight of: start to see - skyline: profile - stories: levels - constraints: limitations - buttresses and flying buttresses: architectural supports used to hold up tall buildings, especially in Gothic architecture - in the event of: if there is - masonry : stone, bricks or concrete - cladding: exterior - partitions: non-stress-bearing walls (stress: weight, force) - downtown: central - to mushroom: to appear in lots of different places - giant : enormous Use of articles Replace the definite articles in the following extract from the text, when they are needed. think of why articles are needed, or not needed, in each case : to revise the use of articles, visit the articles page of the Linguapress online English grammar. In ______ nineteenth century, ______ Industrial Revolution resulted in ______ development of ______ new techniques, notably ______ use of ______ iron. This allowed ______ building of much bigger buildings, in particular ______ railway stations, the "cathedrals of the Industrial Revolution", and ______ exhibition buildings. Opened in 1889, ______ nineteenth century's most famous iron and steel structure reached ______ unheard-of new heights. ______ Eiffel Tower, 1010 feet high, pointed ______ way to ______ future: upwards! Yet ______ plain iron and steel structures had their limitations. They were not really suitable for ______ design of human habitations or ______ offices — and in ______ event of ______ fire, they could collapse very rapidly. It was in fact ______ combination of ______ old and ______ new that allowed ______ development of ______ skyscraper: ______ combination of ______ metal frames and ______ masonry cladding. ______ metal frame allowed ______ much greater strength and height, without ______ enormous mass and weight of stone-built structures; ______ masonry cladding allowed ______ traditional features, such as ______ rooms and partitions, to be included in ______ design with relatively few problems. ______ man generally considered as ______ father of this new technique was the Chicago architect William Jenney. |
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