Environmental performance of the innovative, patented mixing system in an agricultural biogas plant based on lca approach
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2. Methodology
To identify environmental problems, the LCA will be carried out following the methodology guidelines outlined in the standards ISO 14040 : 2009 and ISO 14044 : 2009. The Life Cycle Assessment comprises four main steps shown in Fig. 2 . The analysis of environmental data was carried out by using SimaPro v. 9.3. Due to the profile of the biogas plant, the environmental impact assessment was carried out on the basis of selected environmental cat- egories relevant to its operation and the magnitude of the environmental impact: land use, climate change, acidification, terrestrial eutrophica- tion, freshwater ecotoxicity. The study was prepared to assess all impact categories based on the ILCD method but the primary results showed the negligible impact in other categories not applied in this article which is consistent with literature studies in this field ( Lij´o et al., 2015 ). More- over, following Aziz et al. (2019) even if the land use is a crucial indi- cator in biogas systems giving impacts on biodiversity and habitat conservation a few studies included this category in their impact assessment. However, the climate change impact category was the only impact evaluated in all the studies ( Bacenetti et al., 2016 ). The climate change impact category refers to greenhouse gas emissions and repre- sents the radiative forcing of greenhouse gases emitted over a time ho- rizon of 100 years, in terms of kilograms of equivalent CO 2 . Although, many different methods were employed to assess the global warming potential which is also referred to as climate change or carbon footprint. The IPPC method used in this study is the most current version using the subdivision into biogenic CO 2 and uptake CO 2 . In addition, the Cumulative Energy Demand analysis v.1.08 (CED) of two mixing systems using different pumps was conducted. The CED analysis assesses and compares products and services in terms of energy criteria. Indicators are divided into seven impact categories: two non- renewable (fossil fuels and nuclear power) and five renewable (biomass, wind, solar, geothermal and hydropower). Energy demand is measured in energy units, MJ/FU ( Deutscher et al., 1997 ). 2.1. Goal and scope of the study The main goals of this study are to carry out the comparative envi- ronmental impact analysis of two different mixing pumps installed in a pilot biogas plant, based on the mass-energy balance for scenario S01 (baseline scenario with hydraulic pump) and scenario S02 (innovative mixing system with hybrid pump) In both cases the remaining techno- logical parameters were identical and referred to selected environmental Download 4.03 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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