Еще менее века тому назад филологи располагали весьма скудными сведениями о Томасе Мэлори
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The fate of the chivalrous idea (genre of the chivalrous novel, Arthurian plots ) in English language literature and culture after T. Malory
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Introduction
Less than a century ago, philologists had very little information about Thomas Malory. They boiled down, practically, to those few facts that the writer himself reports in the final phrases of the book, and which only testified that the novel was written around 1470 and that its author was in prison at that time.
The identity of Thomas Malory has always been quite hypothetical. This was facilitated by the lack of a sufficient number of biography facts of the writer and a significant number of his contemporaries with the same name.
In the 16th century, the suggestion that Thomas Malory was a Welsh native of Maloria was made by the English antiquary and playwright Bishop John Bayle. In the 19th century, this opinion was supported in the preface to the publication of Malory's novel /1893/ by the English literary critic John Reese.
In 1897, A. Martin put forward another hypothesis, according to which Sir Thomas Malory was a native of Huntingdonshire. However, the hypothesis that Sir Thomas Malory was a knight from Newbod Revell in Warwickshire, also put forward in 1897 by the English literary critic Professor D. Kittredge, won the greatest recognition. She finds support and development primarily among the students of D. Kittredge, Edward Cobb and Edward Hicks. In 1928, E. Hicks publishes the work "Sir Thomas Malory, his stormy career" 1. This "turbulent career" appears to be that of a prisoner, according to later investigators. Indeed, a native of Newbold Revell in Warwickshire (date of birth uncertain; evidently between 1400 and 1410), Thomas Malory was the son of the prosperous knight Sir John Malory, whose he inherits his fortune in 1434. In 1436, he, among the close associates of Richard Beauchamp, Baron of Warwick, participates in the siege of Calais, but his life changes radically from 1443. Knight Thomas Malory embarks on the path of robbery, violence and robbery. and until his death in 1471 his course of life would be one of continual succession of condemnation and pardon, and during his short time at liberty he would be either Member of Parliament for Warwickshire (1444 or 1445 and 1450) or participant in the Wars of the Scarlet and White Roses. , while he was not distinguished by the constancy of his political convictions and moved from the camp of Lancaster to the camp of York and vice versa, and then even became a supporter of Richard Neville, the "kingmaker". betrayal of the York dynasty and was probably the reason for depriving Malory of the favor of King Edward XV and his last arrest and imprisonment (1469-1470), where in 1470, a year before his death, he completed his famous book.
Hypotheses about the personality of Thomas Malory continue to arise to this day, in 1966, with the book "The Ill-Framed Knight" W. Matthews spoke, who proposed another candidate for the role of the author of the novel "The Death of Arthur", which, he believes, was Sir Thomas Malory from Northamptonshire (note that in this hypothesis, for the first time, Malory's homeland moves from south to north of England). However, this hypothesis, recognized by its creator himself as largely problematic, has not yet found such wide popularity and support as D. Kittredge's hypothesis.
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