Эволюцияси, трансформацияси ва лексикографик

LOUKOSTER (eng. low-cost carrier) is an airline that offers low-cost 
airline tickets to customers. 
After passing through the stage of neologism and finding a place in the 
explanatory dictionary, new words are judged by the laws of the recipient language 
and “be as natural and clear as their own words (leaf), phonetic re-formation (bed), 
grammatical absorption (from bank), active participation in the word formation 
system (tractor), due to its repeated use, its foreign element is not noticeable”
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. 
There are only a few words that need to be included in an explanatory dictionary of 
a general type. Among them, you can mention smartphone, client, account, 
startup, hub, brand, etc. 
The third section of the fourth chapter is called “Presentation of new 
loanwords in the Uzbek language in educational explanatory dictionaries”. 
Specific vocabulary units are naturally delimited on the basis of words belonging 
to a specific field and a single layer. In particular, educational dictionaries are 
among them, and it is said in scientific sources that general dictionaries were 
created on the basis of them. B.Bahriddinova considers the characteristics of 
educational purpose orientation, limitation in volume, language (mother tongue or 
other language) to be the primary characteristics of educational vocabulary. It also 
includes education, information, standardization, systematization, coordination, 
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Ўзбек тилининг изоҳли луғати. V жилдли. IV жилд. – Тошкент: Ўзбекистон нашриѐти, 2020. – Б. 78-79.
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Ўзбекистон миллий энциклопедияси. XII жилдли. X жилд. – Тошкент, “Ўзбекистон миллий энциклопедияси” 
Давлат илмий нашриѐти, 2005. – Б. 498. 

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and language teaching
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among the main tasks of the educational dictionary. Of 
course, the indicated words are also important for the educational explanatory 
dictionary. Students have a regular need for vocabulary information. The 
dictionary initially satisfies the reader with the task of providing information in this 
process. Normalization plays an important role in the speech process – in the 
pragmatics of oral and written speech. 
The selection of loanwords to be included in the educational explanatory 
dictionary is an important process. On the one hand, it is determined according to 
the age level of the students, and on the other hand, the relevance of learning in 
today‟s communication is also required. In particular, the educational explanatory 
dictionary of newly created words will undoubtedly be attractive to students. In the 
process of working with the dictionaries of students, the competence of studying 
them in comparison with their basis in the source language – etymological 
meaning is formed. The fact that new-age borrowed words have a large amount in 
the language reserve also requires the norm of their use in speech culture. 
In the lexis, most of the units with the general meaning of trading place are of 
a possessive nature, and their semantically graded paradigm has also been formed. 
For example, a significant difference in the usage of minimarket – market – 
supermarket – hypermarket took place on the basis of the growth of the local 
market. The attractive appearance of gradualness by means of single base (market) 
and (mini-, super-, hyper-) prefixes is one of the rare occurrences in the lexis of the 
Uzbek language. Of course, the separation of these units into morphemes is not 
important for the lexis of the recipient language. 
The members of the paradigm participating in the sign of growth from 
“materiality” to “volumetricity” have an associative nature, and are also significant 
as language units that quickly recall one another in memory. In the process of 
growth, the market can also pragmatically reflect the concepts of neutral lexeme, 
units standing before and above itself in speech. The distinctions of modern 
shopping centers are not limited to the local scene. In this process, their regional 
format, ability to receive customers, and reserve capacity are among the 
determining criteria. The scale of the paradigm of loanwords that converges to the 
general meaning of the shopping center is also seen in the expansion of the lapka, 
laryok, kiosk, shop, boutique, gastronome, magazine, minimarket, market, crepe 
market, department store, universam, supermarket, hypermarket, bazaar, etc. 
Among them, the word boutique has the following meanings in the source 
(English) language dictionaries: 1) a store that sells goods made in a batch, as well 
as expensive clothes, shoes and jewelry; 2) type of advertising agency. This word, 
along with the above, is also used to describe a small fashion business specializing 
in the sale of certain products and services. The concept of appropriation formed 
in our language today does not allow us to look at it from a polysemantic point of 
view. In general, it can be included in the educational Explanatory dictionary of the 
Uzbek language as follows:
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Bakhriddinova B. Educational dictionary in Uzbekistan: linguistic basis, history and prospects. Dissertation 
abstract for the doctor of science (DSc) on Philological Sciences. – Tashkent: Samarkand. 2020. – P. 31.

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