Chapter 1 introduction

G. Definition of Key Terms 
Definitions of key terms are necessary to be given in order to avoid 
misunderstanding and misinterpretation of the terms used in this study, they are: 
a. Conceptual Definition
1. 
Effectiveness, in Oxford Learner’s Pocket dictionary (2003:138), is 
defined as producing the result that is wanted or intended. The 
meaning of effectiveness in this study is whether there is any 
significant difference score in the students’ speaking achievement 
before and after being taught by using finger puppets as media. When 
there is a significant different score, the media is effective.
2. Speaking is a productive skill. It involves putting a message together 
or communicating message interaction with other people. 
3. Instructional media is a planned aid used to help teacher delivers and 
distributes message. The use of instructional media creates a conducive 
learning environment that enables the learners to conduct more 
effective learning
4. 
Finger puppets, it is a simple puppet which fits onto a finger
. 
Finger 
puppets are a small figure of a person operated from above with strings 

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by a puppeteer creature: a person who is controlled by others and is 
used to perform unpleasant or dishonest tasks for someone else. 
b. Operational Definition
The effectiveness using finger puppets towards students speaking 
achievement is an investigation to know whether finger puppets as media 
is effective or nor for the first grade students Junior High school. The 
students’ ability in speaking was seen from the test based on the topic after 
they were taught using the media in teaching speaking.
H. Organization of the Study 
This study is divided into five chapters: 
1. Chapter I is introduction, it deals with the background of the study, 
formulation of the problem, the purpose of the study, significance of the 
study, the scope and limitation of the study, the hypothesis, definition of 
key terms, and organization of the study. 
2. Chapter II is review of related literature. It consists of underlying theories 
that include nature of speaking, the aspect of speaking, teaching speaking, 
types of classroom speaking performance, the activities of teaching 
speaking, test of speaking, instructional media, and puppet. 
3. Chapter III is research method. It consists of research design, population, 
sample and sampling, variable, data and source of data, data collecting 
method and instrument, try out, validity and reliability testing, and 
technique of data analysis. 

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4. Chapter IV is research finding. It presents of data description, hypothesis 
testing and discussion.
5. Chapter V consists of conclusion and suggestion based on the findings of 
the study. 

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