Инглиз тилида 26 харф бўлиб,20 таси ундош,6 таси унли

Bir ish - harakat bajarilayotganda boshqa bir ish – harakat sodir bo’lishini ifodalash uchun ham sifatdoshdan foydalanamiz.

Javlon hurt his knee playing football.(while he was playing)

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  -ing clause while, when bog’lovchilaridan keyin ham ishlatilishi mumkin.
  

Be careful when crossing the road. (when you are crossing)

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  Bir ish - harakat boshqa biridan oldin sodir bo’lganini ifodalash uchun having done birikmasidan foydalaniladi. (biror ish qilib bo’lgach/qilib bo’lib).
  

Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.
Having finished his work he went home.

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  Yuqoridagi holatda after …-ing tarzida ifodalash ham mumkin.
  

After finishing her work , she went home.

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  Qisqa vaqt da bajariladigan ikki ish - harakatning uzluksiz, ketma- ket sodir bo’lishini ifodalash uchun having done dan emas oddiy - ing dan foydalanamiz.
  

Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.
(U cho’ntagidan kalitni oldi va eshikni ochdi).

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  - ing clause biror ish- harakatning bajarilish sababini yoki maqsadini ifodalash uchun ham ishlatilad. Bu birikma asosan ingliz tilida og’zaki nutqdan ko’ra yozma nutqdako’proq ishlatiladi.
  

Feeling tired, I went to bed early.
(Men charchaganligim uchun erta yotdim)
Being passaged, teacher doesn’t permit pupil coming to the lesson


L ESSON 15
REPORTED SPEECH
(KO’CHIRMA, O’ZLASHTIRMA GAP)

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  Birovning aynan keltirilgan gapi ko’chirma gap deyiladi.
  

Direct: Jack said: “I am feeling tired,I have worked hard all day.”
Reported: jack said that he was feeling tired, he had worked hard that day.

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  Ko‘chirma gaplardan oldin odatda vergul qo‘yiladi. Ammo uzun matnlardan oldin ikki nuqta qo‘yiladi. Ingliz tilida qo‘shtirnoq ko‘chirma gapning boshida ham, oxirida ham qatorning yuqorisiga qo‘yiladi.
  
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