Involuntary Resettlement Assessment and Measures

Particulars Section-2 
Section-3 
Section-4  Section-5 
Name of the 
Section 
West Gate to 
Gissar Junction 
Gissar 
Junction to 
Shakhrinav  
Shakhrinav to 
Tursunzade  
Tursunzade to 
the Uzbekistan 
border  
Length  
13.9 km 
20.7 km 
10.6 km 
11.7 km 
Type of 
Construction 
(four-lane 
widening) 
(four-lane 
widening) 
(four-lane 
widening) 
(two-lane - 
reconstruction) 
Name of the 
Rayons 
1. Rudaki 
2.Gissar 
1. Gissar  
2.Shakhrinav 
1.Tursunzade 
 
1.Tursunzade 
 
Name of 
Jamoats 
1. Choryakkoron 
2.Khonaqo 
 
1.Navobod 
2.MirzoRizo 
3.Dehqonobod 
4.Chuzi 
5.Sabo 
6.Selbur 
7.Shakhrinav 
1.Qaratogh 
2.Seshanbe 
 
1. Gharav 
2. Navobod 
3. 1
st
 May 
 
 
10. 
Summary Impacts. Widening will take place for Section 2 (West Gate to Gissar 
Junction), Section 3 (Gissar Junction to Shakhrinav) and Section 4 (Shakhrinav to Tursunzade), 
which will require additional land acquisition and resettlement. Section 5 (Tursunzade to the 
Uzbekistan border) will comprise rehabilitation and improvement of the existing two lane road, 
and requires land acquisition and resettlement at certain points. A project location/map is 
depicted in Figure-1. 
 

 
 
 
4 
Figure 1: Project Location Map 
 
 
1.5 LARP 
Objectives 
 
11. 
Objective. The LARP aims to mitigate all unavoidable negative impacts caused due to 
the project, to resettle the DPs and restore their livelihoods. The LARP also provides a guideline 
on implementation of land acquisition through proper compensation and assistance, according 
to the norms of ADB and the relevant Laws of Tajikistan. 
 
12. 
Methodology. This LARP was prepared in accordance with the ADB’s Safeguard Policy 
Statement (2009), and the legislation related to land acquisition and resettlement in Tajikistan. 
The preparation of the LARP utilized information obtained on a socio-economic survey carried 
out between the months of January to April 2009, and preliminary data from additional field work 
that took place between October and December 2009. Efforts have been made to minimize the 
impact on land and property during the design by adopting suitable design standards, involving 
close co-operation with the engineering team.  
 
13. 
Public Consultation and Due Diligence. The LARP is prepared in consultation with the 
stakeholders, especially the local people. The assessment of losses and land acquisition is 
based on the feasibility study. The survey results have been ratified by the district authorities 
and the local news media covered the proposed projects on several occasions. The cut-off 
dates for compensation claims were announced by all districts through local newspapers.  
 

 
 
 
5
 
2.0 
BASELINE INFORMATION ON LAND ACQUISTION AND RESETTLEMENT 
2.1 General 
 
14.  This chapter covers baseline information of the impacts on land acquisition and 
resettlement (LAR) from the project. Based on these impacts, compensation and rehabilitation 
measures were prepared, including the cost estimates.  
2.2 Impacts 
2.2.1  Impact on Cultivated Land 
15. 
A total of 176 land parcels of cultivated land are expected to be affected. The following 
sections describe the LAR impact. The total amount of agricultural land to be acquired is 
estimated at 18.65 Ha. Road sections 3 and 4 require a larger area of land compared to the 
other sections. Irrigation facilities have been installed on almost all land on both sides of the 
road (97%). A breakdown of land according to cultivation types is in Table 2.1.  
Table 2.1: Affected Agricultural Land by Cultivation Type 
Section 2 
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total  
Type of 
Cultivation 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots 
Annual 
Crops 9,400 
32 
95,750
92
42,100
31
6,570
5 
153,820
160
Orchard 0 
0 
28,500
13
0
0
0
0 
28,500
13
Vineyard 0 
0 
4,200
3
0
0
0
0 
4,200
3
Total 
9,400 32 
128,550
108
42,100
31
6,570
5 
186,520
176
 
2.2.2  Impact on Residential and Commercial Land 
16. 
Based on data provided by the district administrations, the survey of affected properties 
and the design road alignment, areas of residential and commercial land to be affected are as 
shown in Table 2.2. Three households with have crops on a combined area of 255 m
2
 of 
residential/commercial land.  
Table 2.2: Affected Areas of Residential and Commercial Land 
Section 2 
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total  
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Plots
16,294 87 
11,656 77
12,046
65
0
0 
39,996
229
 
 
2.2.3  Impact on Land for Community and District Government 
Structures 
 
17. 
Portions of six plots (3 plots in Section 2 and 3 plots in Section 3) used as location for 
community and district government structures will also be affected. The affected portions have a 
combined area of 833 m
2 
and include 2 police posts, 1 mosque, 1 cemetery and 2 distict 

 
 
 
6 
government structures. The police posts and structures from the district-government plots will 
be rebuilt on the remaining portions of the plots. Only marginal portions of the plots where the 
mosque and cemetery are located will be affected. In terms of structure, only a portion of the 
mosque’s wire net and the cemetery’s wall will be affected. No graves will be affected. As 
discussed with the district hukumats and administrators of these facilities, cost of 
rebuilding/repairing these community structures will be shouldered by the project.   
 
2.2.4  Property Status of Affected Land 
18. 
Agricultural Land. The ownership types of the affected agricultural plots are (i) collective 
Dekhan Farms, (ii) individual Dekhan Farms, and (iii) Presidential Land. Dekhan farms are 
those for which full user rights, but not ownership has been allocated to either individuals 
(Individual Dekhan Farm) or groups (Collective Dekhan Farm). Presidential land is similar, use 
rights but not ownership have been allocated, in this case under Presidential decree. Further 
explanation of each category is provided in the glossary, and further description of the types of 
land and their legal basis in section 4.3.1 of this report. 
19. 
The ownership type of the affected agricultural plots is individual Dekhan Farms (79) 
followed by presidential land (57) and collective Dehkan Farms (40). All households with land 
under these categories have legal land use rights. Types of land use and ownership of 
agricultural land by section are in Table 2.3. 
Table 2.3: Affected agricultural land areas by ownership type and section  
Section 2 
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total  
Type of ownership 
Area (m
2
)  Plots 
Area (m
2
) 
Plots 
Area (m
2
) 
Plots 
Area (m
2
) 
Plots 
Area (m
2
) 
Plots 
Presidential 1,900 
19
2,900
26
3,800
12
0 
0 
8,600
57
Individual Dekhan Farm 
7,500 
13
48,450
57
2,418
6
1,410 
3 
59,778
79
Collective Dekhan Farm 
0 
0
77,100
25
35,882
13
5,160 
2  118,142
40
Total 9,400 
32 128,450
108
42,100
31
6,570 
5 
186,520
176
 
20. 
Residential Land. Holders of residential and commercial land have permanent and 
inheritable use rights, according to articles 11 and 12 of the Land Code. The extents of affected 
residential and commercial land are in table 2.2 above.  
2.2.5  Impacts on Structures and Buildings 
 
21. 
The project will affect buildings such as residential-commercial buildings, sheds, and 
building attachments and structures such as walls and fences. A summary of the category and 
types of affected buildings by type number and affected area for each road section are detailed 
in table 2.4. The same is done for structures in table 2.5. In addition to buildings and structures 
the Project will also affect miscellaneous assets such as pumps, ovens, cemented surfaces, 
retaining wall, gates, tanks and wayer pipes. These impacts are detailed in table 2.6.  
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
7
  
Table 2.4: Affected Buildings, Shops, Sheds and Outbuildings 
Section2 
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total 
Building 
Type 
No 
 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Area 
(m
3
) 
No 
 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Area 
(m
3
) 
No
 
Area 
(m
2
) 
Area  
(m
3
) 
No
Area 
(m
2
) 
Area 
(m
3
) 
No Area 
(m
2
) 
Area 
(m
3
) 
Buildings 
(type1) 
    
1 
173
 
 
 
1
173
Buildings 
(type 2) 
    
14 
2,953
11
837
 
 
25
3,790
Buildings 
(type 3) 
18  
4,398 
11 
2,223
39
5,808.6
 
 
68
12,429
Sheds 7 
172  
25 
167
35
2,628.2
 
 
67
2,967.2
Outbuildings 20 1,694 
  51 
811
51
4,227.56
 
  122
6,738.6
Building types: 1 = multi- storey; 2 = single floor cement; 3 = single floor bricks 
Sheds  are calculated in m
2
 , while buildings and out buildings (toilets, barns, etc.) are assessed in cubic meters (m
3
) 
 
 
Table 2.5: Walls and Fences Affected 
Section 2 
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total 
Item 
No. m
2 
m
3 
No. m
2 
m
3 
No.
m
2 
m
3 
No.
m
2 
m
3 
No. m
2 
m
3 
Walls 22  
467.5 43  
870
62  
1,177
-      127
 
2514.5
Fences 
24 1,084  
50 1,571
 
51 2,082.46
 
-      125
4737.46
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 2.6: Miscellaneous Items Affected 
Affected Item 
No. 
Wells 
1 
Tanks/pools 
2 
Ovens 
3 
Pumps 
1 
Retaining walls 
14 
Gates 
24 
Concrete surfaces  
2 
Water pipes 
3 
Pits 
1 
 
 
2.2.6  Impacts on Annual Crops 
22. 
Annual crops are made up of grain, fodder crops and vegetables. Table 2.7 gives the 
breakdown of affected land by crop type. 
Table 2.7: Crops impacts by crop type and area and section 
Affected Area (m
2
) 
Type of Crop 
Section-2 
Section-3 
Section-4 
Section-5 
Total 
% 
Wheat 700 
90,650
42,100
6,570
140,020 
91.0 
Lucerne 5,700 
745
0
0
6,445 
4.2 
Onion  
0 
2,500
0
0
2,500 
1.6 
Vegetables 2,000 
455
0
0
2,455 
1.6 
Tomatoes 0 
1,200
0
0
1,200 
0.8 

 
 
 
8 
Flax  
600 
0
0
0
600 
0.4 
Potato  
400 
200
0
0
600 
0.4 
Total 9,400 
95,750
42,100
6,570
153,820 
100.0 
2.2.7  Impacts on Perennial Crops 
23. 
As shown in Table 2.1, 28,500 sqm of orchard will be lost in 13 plots and 4,200 sqm of 
vineyard will be lost in 3 plots. Thirteen cherry trees located in 3 residential plots will also be 
affected. In the project area, most (approximately 90%) fruit trees in the affected orchards are 5 
years and below in age which can be safely replanted to another location. Replanted trees are 
normally able to continue bearing fruit after a year. The assessment of these impacts based on 
fruit tree type and vineyards lost are detailed below in table 2.8. 
Table 2.8 : Fruit Trees impacts 
Tree Type 
 
 
Number of Trees 
  
Yearly 
yield (kg.) 
per tree 
Current 
Market 
Value of 
Product 
per kg 
(TJS/kg) 
Number of 
Years 
 to Re-grow 
a New Tree 
 
Section 
2 
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total 
 
 
 
Apple 
60 
60 - - 
120 
180 
5 
 3 
Cherry 13 
100 
20 
- 
133 
50 
8 
 
2 
Small 
cherry 
100 - - - 
100 
45 
6 
 2 
Peach 
-  - 40  - 40 80 5 
  2 
Grapes 
- 
- 
- 4,200 4,200 
(sqm) 
8,000 
kg/ha 
2   
4 
Note:   
The 13 cherry trees in section 2 are situated within the affected residential plots of the household.  The 
Other fruit trees are located within the 28,500 sqm of orchards along the road.  
 
Most affected trees (90%) can be safely replanted and can resume bearing fruit after a year. However, for 
newly planted trees, it will take between 2 to 4 years before they bear fruit. 
 
 
2.2.8 Business 
Impacts 
 
24. 
A number of businesses will be lost, mostly shops and restaurants, as a result of loss of 
buildings. Losses will be permanent in each case. Table 2.9 below gives the number and type of 
business that will be lost in each road section. Almost of the affected businesses are registered 
with the district hukumats. Unregistered shops will be assisted in obtaining registration for free, 
along with other informal businesses along the road.    
 

 
 
 
9
Table 2.9: Impact on Business 
Total Number of Businesses Affected 
Type of business 
Section 2 
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total  
Shop (Food/manufactured goods) 
8 
2 
8 
0 
18 
Café / Canteen 
1 
3 
2 
0 
6 
Butchery 
0 0  3 0 3 
Fuel 
station 
3 0  0 0 3 
Spare parts trade 
0 
3 
0 
0 
3 
Snack food outlet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
2 
Pharmacy 
0 1  0 0 1 
Total 
12 11  13  0 36 
 
2.2.9 Employment 
Impacts 
25. 
No commercial employees were identified in the project area as the businesses are small 
scale and operated by their owners.  
2.3 
Resettlement Strategy and Relocation needs 
26. 
The resettlement strategy devised for this Project is based on the provision of plots or 
cash compensation for the land lost by the resettlers and on the provison to them of a cash 
allowance for their resettlement costs.  
 
27. 
The project resettlement strategy was conceived in such a way as to minimize as much 
as possible resettlement effects. To fit this principle all DPs that after impact retain enough land 
to rebuild their house within their property will not be relocated. Only those DPs that after 
impacts will not have enough space to rebuild their house/shops in their plots will be relocated. 
Households losing plots used for residential purposes who have no sufficient remaining plot to 
rebuild their houses will each be provided with 800 m
2
 of homeplot while those with affected 
shops will be allocated with plots based on their specific business proposal and requirement.  All 
replacement plots are either adjacent to the affected plots or within 200m away from the 
affected plots. Likewise, all replacement plots are situated along the road. Expenses related to 
relocation of utilities, land clearing, land filling, provision of sanitation facilities and land 
registration will be shouldered by the Project..Households that are provided with homeplots will 
still retain their use-right on their remaining land which they can use for small-scale road side 
livelihood activities. A total of 6 households and 9 businesses/shops will have to relocate. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
10 
 
2.4 
Census of Displaced Households/Persons Census 
2.4.1  Total Displaced Households/Persons 
28. 
A summary of displaced households and persons is tabulated in table 2.10 below.  
Table 2.10: Displaced Households and Persons by Category and Impact 
Number of Displaced HHs 
Category of Impact  
(x 
impact 
type) 
Absolute 
(Without double 
counting) 
Net Number 
of DPs 
Remarks  
A. Land  
A1. Residential / Commercial land   
229
229
1,929   
A2. Agricultural Land 
149
147
1,166   
Sub-total (A) 
378
376
3,095   
B. Crops /Trees 
   
B1. Loss of Crop Bearing Land 
151
0
-  Included in A1 and 
A2 
Sub-total (crops) 
151
0
-   
C. Business/Income Losses 
   
C1. Permanent small business 
losses 
36
0
-  Included in A1 
Sub-Total (C) 
43
0
-   
D. Permanent Structures  
 
   
D1. Residential / Commercial / 
Community Structures  
237
0
-  Included in A1 
Sub-total (D) 
237
0
-   
E. Total (A+B+C+D) 
376
3,095   
2.4.2 Severity 
of 
Impacts 
29. 
The threshold for severe impacts is 10% of one year’s income. A number of holders of 
use rights of agricultural land will lose more than 10% of their plot, and are thus deemed to be 
severely affected. In the case of business losses, displaced households receive a full year’s 
income and it is therefore assumed that the severity of impact is addressed by that 
compensation. The number of displaced households by section is given in table 2.11 below. 
  
Table 2.11: Severity of Impacts 
Number of Households 
Severity of Impact 
Section 2 
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total 
Loss of agricultural land >10% 
18
31
7 
0
56
 
 
2.5 
Impact on Vulnerable Households 
 
30. 
Vulnerable households are those formed by poor people and /or headed by women. The 
categorization of poor is based on reported income data collected during the census survey. 
The poverty line is taken as TJS 180 per month, based on the poverty line given in the World 
Bank Country Briefing for Tajikistan (2009) of $ 41 per month, and an exchange rate of TJS4.41 
per $. The tola number of vulnerable households is 228. A breakdown of the incidence of 
vulnerable households by section is given in table 2.12.  

 
 
 
11
Table 2.12: Number of Vulnerable Households 
Number of Affected Households 
Type of Vulnerability 
Section 2 
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total 
Women Headed only 
73 
50 
46 
0 
169 
Below Poverty Line only 
5 
18 
5 
2 
30 
Both women headed and below poverty line 
9 
11 
9 
0 
29 
Total 
87 79 60  2 
228 
 
2.5.1  Ethnic Composition of AHs 
31. 
The population of the project area is made up of Tajik and Uzbek people. Out of the 
affected households, 82.4% are Tajik, 17.3% Uzbek, and 0.4% Kyrgyz..As explained later in 
paragraph 64 none of these groups fits the ADB definition of Indigenous Peoples.
 
2.5.2 Gender 
32. 
The total number of DPs is 3,095 persons. Of these, 1,564 are male and 1,531 are 
female.  
2.5.3  Types of Household 
33. 
Most of the households are joint families in nature, where parents and married children 
live in the same house. In the case of such households, the senior male is usually the 
nominated head of household, and is the one responsible for receiving and distributing 
compensation payments.     

 
 
 
12 
 
3.0 
 SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE PROJECT AREA 
 
3.1 General 
 
34. 
Socio economic details of the affected households were collected based on a sample 
survey undertaken between January and April 2009. In addition to the demographic and social 
data collected during census survey, socio-economic information was collected from DPs 
through a structured socio-economic questionnaire. At the time of the survey, which preceded 
preliminary design, 430 households were identified as potentially affected and where 
interviewed for the socio economic census. After the completion of the feasibility study design 
the impacts corridor was narrowed and the number of DPs was reduced to 377. The original 
survey sample, however, was retained as it broadens the survey data base.  
 
3.2 
Socio Economic Details 
 
35. 
The following section deals with various socio economic indicators of the households and 
the findings of the socio-economic survey. 
 
3.2.1  Major Economic Activities 
36.  About 26% of the families stated that agriculture is their main economic activity.  
Business and trade form the main activity for 12% of the households and another 13% depend 
on white collar jobs, such as work in the Government sector. A further one third of the 
households (32.3%) reported other activities as their major economic activity. The details are 
given in table 3.1. 
Table 3.1: Major Economic Activities of the Household 
Major Economic Activities 
Total No. of Households 
Percent 
Agriculture 
112 26.0 
Agricultural labor 
3 0.7 
Small enterprise 
25 5.8 
Government  
53 12.3 
Business and trading 
51 
11.9 
Transport/taxi 
23 5.4 
Daily Wage 
24 5.6 
Others 139 
32.3 
Total 430 
100.0 
 
3.2.2 Gender 
37. 
Among the affected households, sampled population, 15.6% are headed by females.  
Table 3.2: Male versus women-headed households heads  
Ownership 
Total No. of Households 
Percent 
Male headed 
319 
84.4 
Female headed 
59 
15.6 
Total 378 
100.0 
 

 
 
 
13
3.2.3 Landholding 
Status 
38. 
In the project area, 95% of the households reported that they have land, while the 
remaining 5% are landless.  
Table 3.3: Landholding Status