Tense degan atama bilan ifodalanadi. Macmillian English Dictionary for Advanced Learners lug'atida zamon, ya'ni tense

Was I ….?
He/she/it was…
He/she/it was not (wasn't)…
Was he/she/it ….?
We/you/they were… We/you/they were not (were not)… Were we/you/they ….?

I wasn't at home yesterday. (I didn't be…. emas)
Oʻtgan zamondagi gaplarga misollar:
1. Oʻtgan zamon payt ravishlari bilan:

We went to the theatre last week.

I saw Jack at the cinema yesterday.

I didn't go out last night.
2. Payt ravishlarisiz, oʻtgan zamonda sodir boʻlgan tarixiy voqealar:

Aristotel was a great philosopher.

Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.

The Chinese invented printing.
Hamdam Atajanov

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Oʻtgan zamonning odatiy payt ravishlari quyidagilardan iborat:
last+night/week/Monday/month/year…
a day /a week/two years/six minutes+ago
Yesterday
in the 1960's
the other day
in the 19
th
century in the past
just now
in the Bronze Age in the Middle Ages the last time
P
RESENT
P
ERFECT
S
IMPLE VA
P
AST
S
IMPLE FARQLANISHI
Present Perfect Simple
1. Hozirga aloqador boʻlgan
tugallangan ish-harakatni bildiradi.

My car is clean. I have
washed it.
2. Aniq vaqt berilmagan tugallangan
ish-harakatni bildiradi.

I have been to the USA twice.
3. Holat fe'llari bilan ish-harakat
qachondan beri davom etayotgani,
hozirga aloqasi borligini bildiradi.

I have known Bill for 5 years.
And we are still friends.
4. Yaqinda boʻlib oʻtgan yangi
voqealar toʻg'risida ma'lumot berish
uchun qoʻllaniladi. Bu voqea qanday
holda,
qachon
sodir
boʻlib
oʻtganligini bildirish uchun esa Past
simple tense qoʻllaniladi.

A: Oh! I have burnt myself!
B: How did you do that?
A: I touched a hot dish.
Past Simple tense.
1. Hozirga aloqasi boʻlmagan tugallangan ish-
harakatni bildiradi.

I washed the car yesterday. (It may be or may
not be clean now)
2. Oʻtgan zamondagi aniq vaqtda berilgan tugallangan
ish-harakatni bildiradi.

I went to the USA in 1991 and in 1996.
3. Ish-harakatni qachon sodir boʻlganligi, hozirga
aloqasi yoʻqligini bildiradi.

I met Bill 5 years ago.
4. Tarixda boʻlib oʻtgan ish-harakatlar uchun
qoʻllaniladi.

Mark Twain wrote The Adventures of Tom
Sawyer.
5. just now payt ravishi oʻtgan zamonda qoʻllaniladi.

I saw him just now.
6. for soʻzi davomiy ish-harakatlar uchun qoʻllanilib,
asosan, Present Perfect simple yoki Present Perfect
continuous zamonlari, ba'zan esa oʻtgan zamonda ham
qoʻllaniladi. Bunday vaziyatlarda qaysi zamon
qoʻllashni bilish uchun ish-harakatning hozir ham
davom etayotganligi yoki hozirga aloqasi yoʻqligiga
e'tibor beriladi.

Ian lives in London. He has lived here for 6
years. (hozir ham Londonda yashaydi)
John lived in Scotland for 2 years. Now he lives in
Manchester. (hozir Shotlandiyada yashamaydi)
Hamdam Atajanov

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