Final Assessment Questions on “The Art of Oratory and Speech Culture” Card – 1 The Art of Oratory in the East: Kaykovus

Card –7

1. 
   History of public speaking: Socrates, Plato
   

With Aspasia’s work influencing his education, Socrates (469-399 BCE) greatly influenced the direction of the Classical Period. Most of what we know about Socrates comes from the writings of his student Plato (429-347 BCE) who wrote about rhetoric in the form of dialogues where the main character was Socrates. This era produced much discussion regarding the best ways to write and deliver speeches, with a great deal of the debate focusing on the importance of truth and ethics in public speaking. From these writings, the idea of the dialectic was born
Socrates (469-399 BCE) greatly influenced the direction of the Classical Period. Most of what we know about Socrates comes from the writings of his student Plato.Plato (429-347 BCE) wrote about rhetoric in the form of dialogues with Socrates as the main character. Plato defined the scope of rhetoric according to his negative opinions of the art. He criticized the Sophists for using rhetoric as a means of deceit instead of discovering truth.

2. 
   Persuasive Devices: Evidence, Parallelism, Repetition, humor
   

Parallelism (rhetoric) is a rhetorical device that compounds words or phrases that have equivalent meanings so as to create a definite pattern. This structure is particularly effective when "specifying or enumerating pairs or series of like things". A scheme of balance, parallelism represents "one of the basic principles of grammar and rhetoric".Parallelism as a rhetorical device is used in many languages and cultures around the world in poetry, epics, songs, written prose and speech, from the folk level to the professional. An entire issue of the journal Oral Tradition has been devoted to articles on parallelism in languages from all over.It is very often found in Biblical poetry and in proverbs in general. Humour can be powerful in speeches, but only when used well. You have to know your audience and be careful not to divide your listeners. You can focus the laughs on yourself, which makes you more relatable, or blend humour into a story. A personal anecdote is a short story about an experience in your life. It is usually provocative, interesting, humorous, shocking, and/or touching. If you watch any TED talk, you will see that all their speakers use personal anecdotes. Sometimes this lasts for a minute or two. Sometimes this goes on for 10 or 20 minutes. However, this doesn’t mean that you should also make your whole 5-6 minute speeches into a personal anecdote. Use it sparingly but effectively. Repetition. We have small brains and sometimes they don’t absorb all they should. That’s why repetition works. It can deliver the final blow of your message. Evidence is to verify your speech or sentence with facts or result of any research and statistics. You should prove your speech in order to get the beliefs of the audience.

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