Final Assessment Questions on “Theoretical phonetics” Card-1 Connection of Phonetics with Other Sciences

Card-7
1.Classifications of pronunciation variants in English. British and American pronunciation model.
Nowadays two main types of English are spoken in the English-speaking world: British English and American English. According to British dialectologists, the following variants of English are referred to the English-based group: English English, Welsh English, Australian English, New Zealand English; to the American-based group: United States English, Canadian English. Scottish English and Irish English fall somewhere between the two, being somewhat by themselves. The most significant differences between British and American English are in their pronunciations, their vocabularies, and their spelling. There are grammatical differences, too, but these are less important and harder to describe, so we will pass over them for today.
Pronunciation//British English and American sound noticeably different. The most obvious difference is the way the letter r is pronounced. In British English, when r comes after a vowel in the same syllable (as in car, hard, or market), the r is not pronounced. In American English the r is pronounced. Vocabulary//There are many differences in American and British English vocabulary. Here are 10 common words in American English followed by their British English equivalents:
American / British elevator / lift. garbage / rubbish. vacation / holiday. truck / lorry. sweater / jumper. cookie / biscuit
Spelling//Finally, there are spelling differences. Below are three rules you can follow.//Most words ending in -our in British English are spelled without the u in American English (humour/humor, behaviour/behavior, etc.)//Most words ending in -re in British English are spelled with -er in American English (centre/center, litre/liter, etc.)//Many British English verbs ending in -ise are spelled with -ize in American English (realise/realize, organise/organize, etc.).