Fitness Definition of fitness

eMale

• Female

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Cross sectional area (square centimetres)

MUSCULAR POWER

• Definition : ability to use strength to produce an explosive effort
• Depends on trade-off between strength and speed - slower contractions have more time to produce force (max power occurs when speed and force of contraction ore 35% max)
• Relies on phosphate anaerobie energy production and a high % FT fibres
• Activities : throwing a shot put, leaping for a rebound

MUSCULAR ENDURANCE

• Definition : ability to work a muscle for extended periods, or repeated contractions below maximal effort
• Activities : long distance running / swimming, gripping a tennis racquet
• Factors affecting muscular endurance:

-+Temperature / circulation
-+lnorganic phosphate Ievels and ADP
-+ Accumulation of lactic acid and hydrogen ions
-+Age and sex - because of strength factor
-+Cross education effect- onelimb brings about improvements in musc endurance of other untrained limbs.

AEROBIC CAPACITY

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the whole body for extended time using aerobie energy

• Most important fitness component - also called stamina or heart-lung fitness
• Requires cardio-respiratory efficiency in delivering 02 to muscles and removing wastes such as C02
• Activities : most team sports, distance running, cycling, swimming

SPEED

• Definition: ability to move body quickly and to sustain high intensity efforts using anaerobie energy (short duration /

high intensity)

• Activities : sprinting, long jump, making a Ieod in football
• Speed activities also require strength and power
• Factors affecting speed
• Reaction time
• Acceleration
• lnitial velocity
• Strength
• Tolerance of inorganic phosphates
• Also note - genetic factors