Flame retardants refer to a variety of substances that are added to combustible materials to prevent
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Flame Retardants
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- (B) Flame quenching;
- Forming insulating layer;
(A) Heat absorbing;
It means mean using flame heat in some reaction to reduce or prevent combustibility, Metal hydrates; such as aluminum tri-hydroxide (ATH) which its chemical structure shown in fig. (6), or magnesium hydroxide are typically suitable for this purpose. 5 05 / 04 / 2019 These compounds have high melting temp. which raise polymer melting temp., even it melted it release water as obtained in eq. (1) which show (ATH) release water and aluminum tri oxide. AL (OH) 3 3H 2 O + AL 2 O 3 ………… equation (1) (B) Flame quenching; It means stopping the chain reaction of flame propagation, halogenated compounds such as; boric acid are typically suitable materials for this purpose. These types of compounds work in vapor phase as it forms a cover of vapors stopping flame propagation reactions, which showed in figure (5), and for enhancing halogenated compounds efficiency, synergists such as antimony oxides used and figure (7) shows chemical structure of brominated epoxy to quench flame propagation, [2]. (C) Forming insulating layer; It means stopping flame propagation by production a charred layer. Phosphorus Compounds; such as phosphate ester which its chemical structure shown in fig. (8) are typically suitable materials for this purpose. These compounds work in condensed phase to provide charred layer, the difference between existence of charred layer and not its existence is shown in fig. (9). Fig. (6); Chemical structure of ATH Fig. (7); Chemical structure of brominated epoxy, [2]. Fig. (8); Chemical structure of phosphate ester Fig. (9); Difference of using and non-using char layer 6 05 / 04 / 2019 7. Flame Retardants Applications Different fields need flame retardants systems such as; Download 0.72 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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