French as a Second Language Teaching: Identifying Methods that Improve Adult Learners’ Competencies


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French as a Second Language Teaching Identifying Methods that Im

Chapter Summary 
The literature review presented in this section shed light on innovative methods and materials 
that can be used to teach FSL. The concepts introduced under this section illustrate the need to 
change the teaching approaches as enshrined in the term "innovation." Similarly, it is evident that 
these changes could be the examples provided in the literature. Nonetheless, this paper will 
confirm whether these teaching methodologies can be viable and practical for implementation 
within the study context 
CHAPTER THREE 
METHODOLOGY 
Introduction 
In order to obtain straightforward answers to my research questions, I gravitated this study 
largely towards applying a qualitative approach where data was accumulated by interviewing 
French professors at a university in Ontario. The primary goal of the interviews was to gain a 


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complete understanding of the extent to which adult learners consider the FSL program as a 
platform for them to improve their foreign language skills. Finding out instructors’ opinions on 
this topic and asking them to elaborate on their given perspectives were some of the methods 
used for this research.
This study used semi-structured interviews as an essential means of collecting data. 
According to Kallio et al. (2016), “the semi-structured interview is often perceived as an easy 
data collection method” (p.6). They further state that “the goal of the qualitative researcher is to 
gain a rich understanding of the study phenomenon” (p.5) The interviews were first conducted in 
English then sent back to the interviewees for approval before they were used in the research. 
What can be safely said is that the use of interviews carries several advantages compared to other 
tools. Of all the strengths associated with semi-structured interviews, the most significant is that 
by asking follow-up questions, the interviewer can have a better understanding of the topic 
explored.
Due to the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, interviews were conducted using Microsoft 
Teams without physically contacting the participants. This study also used a qualitative analysis 
method as the primary way of examining the data. As Dey (2003) claims, qualitative analysis 
involves “describing, connecting and classifying data” (p. 32).” Dey also claims that “qualitative 
data deals with meanings” (ibid, p. 30). For this reason, the objective of the research was an in-
depth investigation into the meanings formulated by adult learners involved in the FSL program. 
This in turn made it possible to put the participants’ answers in context and later connect them to 
the research questions, established theories, and previous research. 

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