French as a Second Language Teaching: Identifying Methods that Improve Adult Learners’ Competencies
The Most Effective Teaching Methods in Improving Adult Learners’ Competencies
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French as a Second Language Teaching Identifying Methods that Im
The Most Effective Teaching Methods in Improving Adult Learners’ Competencies
Certainly, the technique of transcribing oral speech is laborious. But, done in time to avoid becoming an even greater burden, it has the merit of revealing to the learner the recurrence of what is correct and incorrect in syntactic/grammatical terms. It can also reveal what is absent in terms of speech, such as certain links, concepts, and organizational principles. For example, partial or full transcriptions could demonstrate that there are few words linked, that the pattern of the relative sentence (which, what, what...) is not much present, and that the organization of the speech is sometimes or often random, thus causing false starts. Such a transcript could also show that the learner uses the same avoidance techniques of certain structures (e.g., absent or rare use of pronouns, thus causing repetitions of non-necessary supplements) for fear of error. This could lead to several problems such as 1) the delay of language integration, 2) the too-frequent alternation between narration and generalization, 3) an over-reliance on guidance, too often waiting for stimulus instead of fueling the conversation, 4) the student’s opinions being too stubborn and not adequately open-minded, and 5) speech that is limited in interest and content. Once the learner is aware of strategies focused on improving his or her speech, the learner will focus not only on correcting the syntax (although it may be necessary to indicate this in his/her plan) but above all on the integration of the elements absent from the discourse scheme. In the process, the student should get him/herself into the habit of making targeted replays of his/her conversations during the interviews and learn to make a constructive judgment on the process. In short, considering the level of difficulty in making a fair diagnosis on the missing language content and the means/techniques to fill it, according to the expected discourse at any level, it is recommended that the teaching team establish practices of reflection and regular follow-up on this need which is inherent in the task. 63 In general, it is more self-evident to see what is grammatically and lexically correct and to detect what is incorrect, than it is to perceive and clearly identify what is missing from the discourse. The former strategy allows one to more easily affirm whether the student has reached the standard of an advanced level, while relativizing the impact of the error. However, it is not easy to make the learner understand what is missing in his/her speech. Sometimes the teacher may run out of strategies and techniques to remedy the student, since the student may not see significant improvements in themselves. This is especially true as the time available becomes more and more limited. However, we must put our finger on what is missing from the speech and share it with the learner as soon as possible and propose a method of work so that he/she can gradually improve. When there are many gaps and/or atypical gaps, it is best to do this early and target one or two things at a time to avoid scattering and discouragement. Before applying specific techniques or strategies, it is better, in some cases, to confirm with teachers who know the learner in question whether the general perceptions of the gaps and the anticipated means are in the same direction. Download 0.77 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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