they can be continuum models, and state variables can take values on an
infinite (either discrete or continuum) set. In these cases the partition func-
tion can be expressed in terms of a transfer operator on a certain infinite-
dimensional linear space. Integral operators or infinite matrices are two
particular instances of such operators, but they are not the only ones.
The problem to generalize Perron–Frobenius theorem to operators
more general than finite matrices is to extend the notions of nonnegative-
ness and irreducibility. This amounts to equip functional spaces with an
order which allows comparing functions (at least in certain cases). The
theory resulting from introducing order in Banach spaces and its conse-
quences for the spectral theory of linear operators defined on them has
been a topic of active research for mathematicians for quite some time,
(31, 32)
and it is at the heart of this realm where the desired extension is found.
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