[0088] According to one embodiment, the non acid-reactive filler can be characterized by at least one or more or all
of the following parameters:
-
Mean particle size: 1 to 3.5 mm
-
(d10/mm): from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm; (d50/mm): from 0.5 mm to 3 mm; (d90/mm) from 1 mm to 6 mm;
-
Solubility: substantially insoluble in water.
[0089] If the mean particle size of the non acid-reactive filler is above the range outlined above, the consistency of the
obtained paste might not be adequate and the desired mechanical properties cannot be obtained.
[0090] If the mean particle size of the non acid-reactive filler is below the range outlined above, the desired consistency
of the obtained paste might not be adequate.
[0091] Examples of suitable non acid-reactive fillers are naturally occurring or synthetic materials including, but not
limited to: quartz; nitrides (e.g., silicon nitride); glasses derived from, e.g., Zr, Sr, Ce, Sb, Sn, Ba, Zn, and Al; feldspar;
borosilicate glass; kaolin; talc; cation reduced aluminosilicate glasses (sometimes also referred to as cation depleted
glasses), silica particles (e.g., submicron pyrogenic silicas such as those available under the trade designations AEROSIL,
including "OX 50," "130," "150" and "200" silicas from Degussa AG, Hanau, Germany and HDK, including "H15", "H20",
"H2000" from Wacker, Munich, Germany, and CAB-O-SIL M5 silica from Cabot Corp., Tuscola, IL), alumina and zirconia
particles.
[0092] Useful non acid-reactive fillers can also be characterized by the Si/Al ratio. Fillers having a Si/Al ratio (by wt.-
%) of above or equal to 1.5 or 1.7 or 2.0 were found to be useful. Mixtures of these non-acid-reactive fillers are also
contemplated. Suitable non acid-reactive fillers are also described in the following documents: US 4,376,835 (Schmitt
et al.). Suitable non acid-reactive fillers are also commercially available from e.g. Schott (Germany) or Speciality Glass
(US).
[0093] If desired, the surface of the non acid-reactive filler particles can be surface treated as described in this text
with respect to the acid-reactive filler(s).
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