Глоссарий Агностик агностик қарашларга эга киши. Агностицизм

empirical (knowledge): Derived from and to be defended by appeal to experience.
epistemology: The study of human knowledge and its nature, sources, and justification.
eudaimonia: Aristotle’s word for “happiness,” or, more literally, “living well.”
Form: The structure of a thing, that which identifies it as a particular thing or kind of thing. In Plato, a Form is an independently existing entity in the World of Being, which determines the nature of the particular things of this world. In Aristotle, forms are merely the essential characteristics that identify a thing as what it is, without independent existence.
Hinduism: Ancient religion of India that stresses the unity of life and the ideal of being “at one” with ultimate reality.
idealism: The metaphysical view that only the mind and its ideas exist.
Jainism: One of the three great Indian religions, committed to a life of nonharm.
jiva (Sanskrit): The individual self.
karma (Sanskrit): The principle that every action bears fruit.
logos (Greek): Word, reason, logic, especially the logic underlying reality, giving the world order.
materialism: The metaphysical view that only physical matter and its properties exist. Materialism has always been a powerful worldview in modern scientific culture. It was also the most common view among the pre-Socratic philosophers.
maya (Sanskrit): Illusion.
metaphysics: Most simply, the study of the most basic (or first) principles. Traditionally, the study of ultimate reality, or “Being as such.” Popularly, any kind of very abstract or obscure thinking. Most philosophers today would define metaphysics as the study of the most general concepts of science and human life—for example, reality, existence, freedom, God, soul, action, mind.
mind-body problem: The problem of how mental events (pains, thoughts, feelings) are related to the body—in particular, the brain.
monism: The metaphysical view that there is ultimately only one substance, that all reality is one. Less strictly, it may be applied to philosophers who believe in only one kind of substance.