Hakikat Kitabevi Publications No: 10 answer to an enemy of islam

Hâshiyatu Durr
al-mukhtâr: “According to the majority of the scholars of tafsîr,
the âyat, 
‘They parted into groups in the religion.’ referred to the
people of bid’a who would arise in this umma. In a hadîth sherîf
reported by Hadrat ’Umar (radiy-Allâhu ’anh), Rasûlullah (’alaihi
’s-salâm) said to Hadrat ’Â’isha (radiy-Allâhu anhâ), 
‘The âyat
about the partition into groups in the religion refers to the people
of bid’a and to the followers of their nafses who would arise in this
– 84 –
[1] In other words, it was not possible for the new Muslims among the
Tâbi’ûn to follow the madhhab of only one Sahâbî, since the
madhhabs of as-Sahâbat al-kirâm were not codified or compiled in
books as great madhahbs. It was to a few persons’ lot to be in company
with a Sahâbî all the time and to ask him about everything, thus to act
upon what they heard. They needed to ask any Sahâbî they met and to
listen and act accordingly. When there is darûra (compulsory
necessity), one can follow any madhhab. The Tâbi’ûn never asked for
proof.
[2]
al-Mîzân al-kubrâ, p. 41.

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umma.’ Allâhu ta’âlâ declared in the 153rd ayat of the Sûrat al-
An’âm, 
‘This is the right path. Be on this path! Do not part into
groups!’ (that is, Jews, Christians and other heretics departed from
the right path; you should not part like them!) In the 103rd âyat of
the Sûrat âl ’Imrân, Allâhu ta’âlâ declared, 
‘You all should hold on
to Allâhu ta’âlâ’s rope! Do not part into groups!’ Some scholars of
tafsîr said that ‘Allâhu ta’âlâ’s rope’ meant ‘jamâ’a, unity’. The
command, 
‘Do not part into groups,’ shows that it is so and the
jamâ’a are the possessors of fiqh and ’ilm. One who dissents from
fuqahâ’ (scholars of fiqh) as much as a span falls into heresy,
becomes deprived of Allâhu ta’âlâ’s help and deserves Hell,
because the fuqahâ’ have been on the right path and have held on
to the Sunna of Rasûlullah (’alaihi ’s-salâm) and on to the path of
the Khulafâ’ ar-râshidîn, the Four Caliphs (radiy-Allâhu ’anhum).
The As-siwâd al-a’zam, i.e., the majority of Muslims, are on the
path of the fuqahâ’. Those who depart from their path will burn in
the fire of Hell. O Believers! Follow the unique group which is
protected against Hell! And this group is the one that is called