Hosilaning iqtisodga tadbiqlari

To‘g‘ri chiziqli harakat tezligi
EMBED Equation.3 material nuqta (biror jism) qandaydir to‘g‘ri chiziq bo‘ylab tekis harakat qilayotgan bo‘lsin. Vaqtning har bir EMBED Equation.3 qiymatiga boshlang‘ich EMBED Equation.3 holatdan EMBED Equation.3 nuqtagacha bo‘lgan muayyan EMBED Equation.3 masofa mos keladi. Bu masofa EMBED Equation.3 vaqtga bog‘liq, ya’ni EMBED Equation.3 masofa vaqtning funksiyasi bo‘ladi: EMBED Equation.3
EMBED Equation.3 funksiyaga nuqtaning harakat qonuni deyiladi.
Nuqtaning EMBED Equation.3 vaqtdagi harakat tezligini aniqlash masalasini qo‘yamiz.
A gar biror EMBED Equation.3 vaqtda nuqta EMBED Equation.3 holatda bo‘lsa, u holda EMBED Equation.3 ( EMBED Equation.3 vaqtning orttirmasi) vaqtda nuqta EMBED Equation.3 holatga o‘tadi, bu yerda EMBED Equation.3 ( EMBED Equation.3 masofaning orttirmasi) (3-rasm). Demak, EMBED Equation.3 nuqtaning EMBED Equation.3 vaqt oralig‘idagi ko‘chishi EMBED Equation.3 ga teng bo‘ladi.
EMBED Equation.3 nisbat nuqtaning EMBED Equation.3 vaqt oralig‘idagi o‘rtacha tezligini ifodalaydi: EMBED Equation.3 . Bunda o‘rtacha tezlik EMBED Equation.3 qiymatga bog‘liq bo‘ladi: EMBED Equation.3 qancha kichik bo‘lsa, o‘rtacha tezlik nuqtaning berilgan EMBED Equation.3 vaqtdagi tezligini shuncha aniq ifodalaydi.
Harakat o‘rtacha tezligining EMBED Equation.3 vaqt oralig‘i nolga intilgandagi limitiga nuqtaning berilgan vaqtdagi harakat tezligi ( yoki oniy tezligi) deyiladi. Bu tezlikni EMBED Equation.3 bilan belgilaymiz. U holda
EMBED Equation.3 yoki EMBED Equation.3 (2)
Shunday qilib, nuqtaning berilgan EMBED Equation.3 vaqtdagi harakat tezligini aniqlash uchun (2) limitni hisoblash kerak bo‘ladi.
(1) va (2) ko‘rinishdagi limitlarni topishga tabiatning turli sohalariga
tegishli ko‘pchilik masalalar olib keladi. Bunday masalalardan ayrimlarini
keltiramiz:
1) agar EMBED Equation.3 o‘tkazgichning ko‘ndalang kesimi orqali EMBED Equation.3 vaqt ichida o‘tuvchi elektr toki bo‘lsa, u holda elektr tokining EMBED Equation.3 vaqtdagi momenti
EMBED Equation.3 (3)
2) agar EMBED Equation.3 EMBED Equation.3 vaqt ichida reaksiyaga kirishuvchi kimyoviy modda miqdori bo‘lsa, u holda kimyoviy moddaning EMBED Equation.3 vaqtdagi reaksiyaga kirishish tezligi
EMBED Equation.3 (4)
3) agar EMBED Equation.3 bir jinsli bo‘lmagan sterjenning EMBED Equation.3 va EMBED Equation.3 nuqtalar orasidagi massasi bo‘lsa, u holda sterjenning EMBED Equation.3 nuqtadagi zichligi
EMBED Equation.3 (5)
Ko‘rilgan masalalar fizik mazmuninig turliligiga qaramasdan, (1-5) limitlar bir xil ko‘rinishga ega: ularda funksiya orttirmasining argument orttirmasiga nisbatining argument orttirmasi nolga intilgandagi limitini topish talab qilinadi.