How Bacterias Affect To Our Life

- Global Impact: Avian influenza outbreaks have significant economic and public health implications. They can lead to trade restrictions on exports of poultry products and other related goods.
- Public Health Surveillance: International organizations, such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), provide guidance and support for avian influenza surveillance, preventing human infections, and controlling outbreaks.

- Low Risk from Properly Handled Food: Properly cooked poultry and eggs are safe to consume, and there is a low risk of avian influenza infection from consuming properly handled and cooked poultry products.

In summary, avian influenza, or bird flu, is a viral infection primarily affecting birds but with potential risks to human health. Prevention and control measures, along with continued surveillance and research, play a critical role in managing and mitigating the impact of avian influenza on both animal and public health.

T 4 BACTERIA


Bacteriophage T4 is the most well-studied member of Myoviridae, the most complex family of tailed phages. T4 assembly is divided into three independent pathways: the head, the tail and the long tail fibers. The prolate head encapsidates a 172 kbp concatemeric dsDNA genome.

Is a T4 bacteriophage good or bad?

Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacterial cells. Example: T4 and T2 bacteriophage. Bacteriophages are not bad. They are extremely beneficial in many ways.
- Attachment and Entry: The T4 phage uses its tail fibers to recognize and bind to specific receptors on the surface of E. coli. Following attachment, the phage injects its genetic material into the bacterial host cell.
- Replication and Assembly: Once inside the host, the phage takes over the cellular machinery, initiating the production of viral components. The bacterial cell is eventually transformed into a "phage factory," solely dedicated to the synthesis and assembly of new phage particles.