International conference on bioinformatics of genome regulation
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Key words: ECF sigma, bacterial promoters, transcription initiation, σ 70 family Motivation and Aim: In distinction to the housekeeping σ factors, which transcribe a major- ity of bacterial genes, alternative σ factors have a more specialized regulon, necessary for coping with stress or development. Among alternative σ factors, ECF (ExtraCytoplasmic Function) σs are the most numerous and diverse group, which is, on the other hand, insuf- ficiently studied [1]. In particular, the current ECF paradigm, which assumes recognition of rigid promoters with well conserved elements, is supported by a very limited data originat- ing from a few (canonical) representatives. This is contrary to the mix-and-matching para- digm, which is well established for the housekeeping σ 70 factors, implying flexibility in the promoter recognition. With the goal of gaining a better insight in the transcription initiation by ECF σ factors, we did a comprehensive study of ECF σ protein and DNA recognition motifs, and analyzed flexibility (mix-and-matching) in ECF σ promoter recognition. Methods: By combining protein multiple global and local sequence alignment, domain search and DNA regulatory elements detection, we extensively computationally analyze all the available bacterial ECF σ subgroups [3]. We also use the ECF group outliers obtained by recently sequenced bacteriophages, as a source of independent (self-contained) data, which we analyze through a novel procedure for detecting phage-promoters [2]. Addi- tionally, we systematically (quantitatively) analyze the canonical bacterial ECFs, through a biophysics based procedure, to investigate contribution of their promoter elements to transcription activity. Results: We found an extreme qualitative example of mix-and-matching for phage ECFs, where a long -10 element extension - interacting with an extension of σ 2 domain - comple- ments the absence of the major (-35) promoter element. We also report examples of the putative novel interactions between ECFs and their promoters, exhibited by the conserved promoter spacer elements and the σ-motifs outside of the main σ 2 and σ 4 DNA-binding domains [3]. Finally, we provide quantitative evidence of substantial promoter element complementation (mix-and-matching) in ECFs [4]. Conclusion: We reveal a much larger flexibility in ECF σ functioning than previously rec- ognized, which suggests that mix-and-matching may provide a common kinetic framework for promoter recognition in the entire σ 70 family Novel protein and DNA recognition motifs that we discovered, will guide future experiments on alternative σs. Acknowledgement: This work is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (IZ73Z0_152297), European Commission (GA-2010-276996) and Serbian Ministry of Science and Technology (ON173052). References: 1. Staroń A. et al., 2009. Molecular microbiology 74:557-581. 2. Guzina J., Djordjevic M., BMC, Evolutionary Biology 15: S(1) (2015). 3. Guzina J., Djordjevic M., J Bacteriol, in press (2016), doi: 10.1128/JB.00244-16 4. Guzina J., Djordjevic M., to be submitted. 100 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY SCORING OF PROTEIN DOCKING BY GENE ONTOLOGY A. Hadarovich 1, 2 *, I. Anishchenko 1 , A.V. Tuzikov 2 , P.J. Kundrotas 1 , I.A. Vakser 1 1 Center for Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA 2 United Institute of Informatics Problems, National Academy of Sciences, Minsk, Belarus * Corresponding author: ahadarovich@gmail.com Key words: template-based predictions, modeling of protein complexes, molecular recognition Motivation and Aim: Structural characterization of protein-protein interactions (PPI) is important for understanding life processes at the molecular level. Experimental tech- niques, due to their inherent limitations, can determine structures only for a fraction of known PPI. Thus, most structures of protein complexes have to be modeled by docking techniques. In the template-based (comparative) docking, suitable templates are detect- ed by sequence and/or structure similarity between the target and the template. When, structures of individual proteins are not available, comparative docking has to deal with modeled structures of the interactors, which are typically less accurate than the ones determined by experimental techniques [1], thus reducing target/template structure simi- larity score. This requires additional scoring of the target/template match, which would compensate for such drop in structure similarity. Results: We present a functional score, based on target/template similarity of the Gene Ontology (GO) annotations [2] (GO-score), which is complementary to the structure- based scoring (TM-score) [3]. A scoring function that combines TM- and GO-scores was tested on a non-redundant set of 165 protein-protein complexes. The set includes six models for each structure, generated with predefined C-alpha root mean square de- viations from the native structure [4]. For templates, we used the set of 4,950 template complexes [5] from the DOCKGROUND resource [6]. Сonclusion: The results show that the new combined score improves the template de- tection and can be successfully applied to template-based docking of modeled proteins. References: 1. I. Anishchenko et al. (2014) Protein models: The Grand Challenge of protein docking, Proteins, 82: 278-87. 2. Gene Ontology Consortium (2012) Gene Ontology annotations and resources, Nucleic Acids Research, 41: D530-D535. 3. Y. Zhang et al. (2005) TM-align: A protein structure alignment algorithm based on the TM-score, Nucleic Acids Research, 33: 2302-2309. 4. I. Anishchenko et al. (2015) Protein models docking benchmark 2. Proteins, 83: 891-897. 5. I. Anishchenko et al. (2015) Structural templates for comparative protein docking, Proteins, 83: 1563- 1570. 6. D. Douguet et al. (2006) DOCKGROUND resource for studying protein-protein interfaces, Bioinfor- matics, 22: 2612-2618. 101 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY KATIS: INTEGRATIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE R. Hofestädt*, V. Ogultarhan, A. Shoshi University Bielefeld, AG Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, Bielefeld, Germany * Corresponding author: Ralf.Hofestaedt@uni-bielefeld.de Key words: Information system, complementary medicine Motivation and aim: The Internet represents a lot of databases, information systems and portals specialized in complementary medicine. Most of these systems are specialized and represent only information about one category of alternative medicine. In addition, these systems are not able to support the computerized detection of suitable therapies based on patient specific indications. Furthermore, based on these systems various apps are available today. To develop and implement an information system which represents the main knowledge of complementary medicine is the goal of our work. Мethods: Using information fusion methods it was our idea to integrate the most rel- evant knowledge of alternative medicine. Therefore, we developed the warehouse based web-based information system KATIS. Furthermore, based on KATIS we developed the a new app called ALMEKO, which was implemented for mobile usage of the KATIS. Results: We developed and implemented a web based information system which repre- sents the knowledge of complementary medicine. This system is called KATIS. Based on KATIS we developed the app Conclusion: We implemented an integrative information system for complementary medicine which allows the user to search for individual therapies based on patient-spe- cific indications. Availability: KATIS: http://www.komplementäre-medizin.de/ ALMEKO: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.icancode.almeko&hl=de References: 1. V. Ogultarhan, A. Shoshi, R. Magnucki, B. Kormeier, R. Hofestädt (2016) KATIS: An eHealth System for Complementary Medicine. In: Health Informatics Meets eHealth, Schreier, G. et al. (eds.), Proceed- ings of the 10th eHealth2016 Conference, Wien 2016, IOS Press, 167-173. 102 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LONG NON-CODING RNAS IN FANTOM5 C.-C. Hon 1 , J.A. Ramilowski 1 , the FANTOM consortium, Y. Hayashizaki 2 , P. Carninci 1 , A. Forrest 1, 3 * 1 RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (Division of Genomic Technologies), Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan 2 RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, Japan 3 Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia Key words: transcriptomics, gene expression, non-coding RNA, GAGE The FANTOM5 project used Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE) to systematically map promoter and enhancer elements in the human and mouse genomes. The first phase of the project profiled a broad collection of primary cell types, tissues and cancer cell lines, to generate steady state ‘snapshots’ of these elements. In the second phase we studied multiple time courses of stimulation and differentiation, to identify elements that are dynamically regulated. Here I will describe our efforts using the FANTOM5 CAGE data, RNA-seq data and public transcript models to generate a comprehensive catalog of human 5’ complete long non-coding RNAs with matched CAGE expression profiles across more than 1,800 samples. Integration of these lncRNA models with their expression profiles, overlap with conserved elements, trait associated polymorphisms, and epigenome data has provided convincing evidence that a significant fraction of these loci are functional elements of the genome. 103 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY IDENTIFICATION OF NEW CANDIDATE GENES FOR ELEVATED BODY MASS INDEX NEAR GWAS SNPS USING TRANSCRIPT ANNOTATIONS FROM ENSEMBL AND HAVANA PROJECTS E.V. Ignatieva * , V.G. Levitsky Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: eignat@bionet.nsc.ru Key words: GWAS, candidate genes, feeding behavior, body mass index Motivation and Aim: Feeding behavior (FB) and body mass index (BMI) are controlled by a complex network, which involves genes expressed in many organs and tissues. Genome- wide association study (GWAS) technology is broadly used to reveal SNPs and candidate genes significantly associated with BMI. However, for a substantial part of GWAS SNPs the risk-genes were not identified yet. In this study we used automated/manual annotation of human transcripts from Ensembl and HAVANA gene tracks to search new candidate genes relevant to BMI regulation. Our goals were to find new genes near GWAS SNPs and to explain their functional significance in the context of BMI regulation. Methods and Algorithms: 164 SNPs (GWAS SNPs) and 184 candidate genes (known GWAS BMI genes) were collected from nine GWAS meta-analysis publications. All GWAS SNPs were associated with elevated BMI at the genome-wide significance level (P<5.0×10 −8 ). The annotations of transcripts for the GRCh38 and Hg19 assemblies of the human genome were extracted from the Ensembl archives by the Biomart data-mining tool. Biological functions and relevance of novel genes to BMI regulation were analyzed using STRING system, RefSeq, KEGG Pathway, Reactome and a compilation of human genes controlling FB or BMI (FB/BMI genes), described previously [1]. Results: We found 138 genes, which contain one of 164 GWAS SNPs in their exons, in- trons or 10 kb upstream regions. Among these genes we revealed 56 novel genes which were not present in the list of 184 known GWAS BMI genes. Using STRING we found that five out of 56 novel genes have gene-gene or protein-protein interactions with genes involved in regulation of FB or BMI (FB/BMI genes). Additional manual verification using RefSeq, Reactome and KEGG Pathway databases confirmed that some genes from the list of novel genes might be involved in the network controlling BMI. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that modern annotation of human transcriptome from Ensembl and HAVANA teams provides advantages in scanning genome for new candidate genes. We suggested new candidate genes relevant to FB and BMI regulation. This result may give a deeper view of molecular-genetic basis of FB and BMI abnormali- ties and may be useful for designing new pharmacological approaches for the treatment of human diseases. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Government of Russian Federation grant no. 14.B25.31.0033 (to E. I. Rogaev) and Federal Agency of Scientific Organiza- tions (project 0324-2015-0003). References: 1. E.V. Ignatieva et al. (2014) Human genes controlling feeding behavior or body mass and their func- tional and genomic characteristics: a review, Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding, 18:867-875. 104 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY THE COMPENDIUM OF HUMAN GENES CONTROLLING FEEDING BEHAVIOR OR BODY WEIGHT, RECONSTRUC- TION OF NETWORKS AND ANALYSIS OF THEIR PROPERTIES E.V. Ignatieva*, O.V. Saik, D.A. Afonnikov Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: eignat@bionet.nsc.ru Key words: Feeding behavior, Body mass index, Network reconstruction and analysis Motivation and Aim: Elevated body mass index (BMI) is a substantial risk factor for human disease emergence. The goals of this study were to create the list of genes con- trolling feeding behavior (FB) or BMI and to analyze a network formed by interactions between genes/proteins. Methods and Algorithms: Data were collected from scientific publications, OMIM, Hu- man Protein Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression project and were analyzed using DA- VID, STRING, Cytoscape and GeneMANIA. Results: The compendium of genes controlling FB or BMI included 571 human genes. Among them 103 genes were collected from scientific publications as involved in regu- lation of FB in humans (or in mice or rats). 73 genes have OMIM-annotated allelic variants associated with FB abnormalities (hyperphagia, anorexia) or obesity. 263 genes have OMIM evidences for involvement in FB regulation, but have no data on allelic variants associated with FB abnormalities or obesity. 22 genes were included into com- pendium because they are associated with Bardet-Biedl, Prader-Willi or Alstrom syn- dromes. 184 genes have evidences from GWAS meta-analysis: these genes are located near SNPs associated with elevated body mass index at the genome-wide significance level (P<5.0×10 −8 ). Genes were ranged according to their significance in regulation of BMI and classified according to expression patterns or functional characteristics. Con- siderable portions of genes from the compendium encoded cell surface receptors, sig- naling molecules (hormones, neuropeptides, etc.), and signal transduction proteins. We identified 27 pathways from KEGG, REACTOME and BIOCARTA whose genes were overrepresented in the compendium. Networks formed by physical interactions between proteins, homology or involvement into pathways were reconstructed and their main characteristics (number of neighborhoods, clusters) were analyzed. Nodes, which cor- respond to GWAS genes, which were not interpreted yet, were selected and ranged ac- cording to the number and biological significance of their first neighborhoods. Conclusion: A compendium of human genes controlling FB or BMI was deigned. Analy- sis of a networks formed by genes/proteins interactions provided new biological interpre- tations for some GWAS genes. Our results may give a deeper view of molecular-genetic basis of FB and BMI abnormalities and may be useful for designing new pharmacologi- cal approaches for the treatment of human diseases Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Government of Russian Federation grant no. 14.B25.31.0033 (to E. I. Rogaev) and Federal Agency of Scientific Organiza- tions (project 0324-2015-0003). 105 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY SYNTHESIS AND ACCUMULATION OF A NOVEL FUNCTIONAL FOOD COMPONENT IN TOMATO A. Ito, S. Hano, N. Imoto, T. Shibuya, Y. Kanayama* School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan * Corresponding author: yoshinori.kanayama.a7@tohoku.ac.jp Key words: functional food component, metabolome, Solanum lycopersicum, serotonin Motivation and Aim: Serotonin is an aromatic amine neurotransmitter that controls sev- eral physiological functions such as mood and sleep in humans. Approximately 98% of serotonin is synthesized and stored in the peripheral system, although its function in the peripheral system is not fully understood. Here, we focused on serotonin as a new func- tional food component for promoting health, because serotonin in the peripheral system enhances lipid metabolism and exerts an anti-obesity effect in mice according to some recent reports. Results and Conclusion: Because serotonin consumed through food cannot cross the blood–brain barrier and functions within the peripheral system, it is important to focus on vegetables and fruits as its sources having anti-obesity effects in the fields of hor- ticultural and food science. During the determination of serotonin content in various vegetables and fruits, tomato fruit was found to be rich in its content; high content was observed in the mesocarp tissue of ripe tomato fruit, whereas low content was observed in processed tomato products such as juice and ketchup. These results indicate that fresh tomato fruit is a promising source. Although the serotonin biosynthesis pathway in plants is under dispute, it was identified in tomato fruit using metabolome analysis. Se- rotonin is likely synthesized using tryptamine by tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) and tryptamine-5-hydroxylase. Overexpression of the TDC gene increased serotonin content in tomato fruit and some phenotypes of the gene were found in transgenic plants, sug- gesting that TDC plays a key role in serotonin synthesis and that serotonin metabolism has some physiological functions. 106 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY NOVEL APPROACH FOR COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN OF SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS OF PROTEIN/ PROTEIN INTERACTIONS IN CD95/FAS PATHWAY N.V. Ivanisenko 1, 2 *, A.S. Ishchenko 1, 2 , I.N. Lavrik 1, 3 , V.A. Ivanisenko 1 1 Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia 3 Otto-von Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany * Corresponding author: ivanisenko@bionet.nsc.ru Key words: Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, Solvation, Apoptosis, CD95 Motivation and Aim: Apoptosis is an important form of the programmed cell death of all eukaryotic organisms. Defects in regulation of programmed cell death can lead to num- ber of oncological and neurodegenerative diseases. Protein-protein interactions play one of the main roles in regulation of apoptosis. Compounds targeting key protein/protein interactions involved in apoptosis inhibition have shown great potential as a new thera- peutics for cancer treatment. Despite recent progress in rational structure based drug design of protein/protein inhibitors, design of small molecules able to inhibit protein/ protein interaction is still of great challenge. One of the reasons is a lack of well-defined binding site on target of interest. In addition, solvent effects have to be considered that can enhance precision of binding site prediction and molecular docking accuracy. In this work we developed and applied new in silico approach for improvement of virtual screening accuracy of solvent exposed small molecule inhibitors. Methods and Algorithms: Molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking meth- ods were used in this work. Analysis of trajectories from molecular dynamics simula- tions was done using Python-based scripts. Results: An algorithm for prediction of conservative water clusters in the vicinity of small molecule binding site based on analysis of molecular dynamics trajectories have been developed. Further hydrogen-bond network graph analysis with implemented em- pirical scoring function allow to estimate binding site «druggability» and predict pos- sible energetically favorable displacement of water molecules by small molecule inhibi- tors. Validation on set of X-RAY structures of complexes with solvent exposed small molecule inhibitors showed significant increase of enrichment score in comparison with conventional virtual screening. We have applied this approach for design of small mol- ecules targeting proteins involved in CD95/FAS regulation pathway to predict potential enhancers and inhibitors of apoptosis induction. Conclusion: Developed approach for prediction and analysis of conservative waters clusters allow to significantly increase molecular docking accuracy and can be applied for design of new small molecule inhibitors of protein/protein interactions. Availability: Software is freely available as a Python-script. Acknowledgements: The work was supported by Russian Scientific Foundation grant No. 14-44-00011. 107 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY POLYMORPHISM OF LOXL1 GENE IN WEST SIBERIA PA- TIENTS WITH OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA AND PSEUDOEX- FOLIATION GLAUCOMA. D.E. Ivanoshchuk 1,2 *, E.O. Datskih 3 , N.A. Konovalova 3 , I.Y. Bychkov 4 , A.Z. Fursova 5 , O.S. Konovalova 3 , S. V. Mikhailova 1 , M.N. Ponomareva 3 , M.I. Voevoda 1,2 , A.G. Romaschenko 1 *dinara@bionet.nsc.ru 1 Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia 3 Tyumen State Medical Academy, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Tyumen, Russia 4 The Novosibirsk Branch of FSBI “The Acad. S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Complex” of the Minpubl- health of Russia, Novosibirsk, Russia 5 Novosibirsk State Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia Download 3.91 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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