Ипт-шарҳловчи маъруза. Иат

Names. Occasionally, the character’s name may provide clues to his personality.
Setting. The time and place in which the story unfolds may provideuseful information about the characters. If events take place during a particular historical period the characters ideas and actions may be shaped by important external events. The character’s physical surrounding (place where they born, grow up, live) may help us to understand their psychological make-up.
Appearance. In real life it is not advisable to judge a person by his appearance, but in fiction how the character looks often provides important information about his personality. References to the clothes a character wears may, for example, indicate his social and economic status. Details of a character’s physical appearance may prove useful in determining his age and the general state of his physical and emotional health.
Point of view. All stories have a narrator, someone who tells the story. The narrator is not the same as the author. The narrator is a character the author has invented; through the narrator the author manipulates the way you see the events and the other characters.
There are different types of narrators. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, and the author chooses the type which will best help him tell the story and present the themes.
The first person narrator is a participant in the story. He or she is telling the story like: “I went to the store” or “I saw the events happen”. The narrator may be a major character as in “The Yellow Wallpaper”, or minor one as in “Fleur”.
The third person narrator is not a participant in the story. He stands outside the story and reports on the events.
There are several types of third person narrators.

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  a third person omniscient narrator is all-knowing; he can see what all of the characters are doing and thinking as in “The Storm”.
  
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  A third person limited omniscient narrator is all-knowing, but only about one character; he can see everything that character is doing or thinking.
  
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  A third person objective narrator can’t tell us everything that the characters are thinking, he can only report on their actions.
  

A story may be told by an innocent or naive narrator. The example of it is Huck Finn.
The story may also be told by an unreliable narrator, whose point of view is deceptive, deluded or deranged.
Stream of consciousness is a technique in which the writer lets the reader see the thought processes of a character. When we think, we don’t think in sentences, with perfect logic. Our minds jump from place to place with the flimsiest of connections, creating all sorts of images and calling on memories and sensations.
Interior monologue is a similar technique, in that it lets the reader see the character’s thoughts. But in this case, the character’s thoughts are not presented chaotically, as in stream of consciousness, but are arranged logically, as if the character were making a speech in his mind.