Is a founding member of the

Steel-Iron industry[edit]
Turkey ranks 8th in the list of countries by steel production. In 2013, total steel production was 29 million tonnes.^[130] Turkey's crude steel production reached a record high of 34.1 million tons in 2011.^[131] Notable producers (above 2 million tonnes) and their ranks among top steel producing companies.^[132]

• 
  Erdemir (7.1 million tonnes) (47th) (Only Erdemir-Turkey; Erdemir-Romania is not included)
  
• 
  Habaş (4.4 million tonnes) (72nd)
  
• 
  İçdaş (3.6 million tonnes) (76th)
  
• 
  Diler (2.3 million tonnes) (108th)
  
• 
  Çolakoğlu (2.1 million tonnes) (110th)
  

Science and technology[edit]
Main article: Science and technology in Turkey
TÜBİTAK is the leading agency for developing science, technology and innovation policies in Turkey.^[133] TÜBA is an autonomous scholarly society acting to promote scientific activities in Turkey.^[134] TAEK is the official nuclear energy institution of Turkey. Its objectives include academic research in nuclear energy, and the development and implementation of peaceful nuclear tools.^[135]
Turkish government companies for research and development in military technologies include Turkish Aerospace Industries, ASELSAN, HAVELSAN, ROKETSAN, MKE, among others. Turkish Satellite Assembly, Integration and Test Center is a spacecraft production and testing facility owned by the Ministry of National Defence and operated by the Turkish Aerospace Industries. The Turkish Space Launch System is a project to develop the satellite launch capability of Turkey. It consists of the construction of a spaceport, the development of satellite launch vehicles as well as the establishment of remote earth stations.^{[136][137][138]}