Issn 2181-0737 Doi Journal 10. 26739/2181-0737
Download 1.53 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
Madaniyat-2023-1
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- Ключевые слова
АННОТАЦИЯ В статье поднимаются вопросы взаимодействия разных видов искусства, в том числе и хореографии в мюзикле. Определяются возможности хореографии в развитии сюжетной линии, обрисовке событий, раскрытии характеров героев. Ключевые слова: мюзикл, хореография, танец, выразительные средства, образ, эмоциональное воздействие. By the middle of the 20th century, a new genre at that time, the musical, was firmly established in theatrical art. The musical was born in the United States of America thanks to such related genres as operetta, vaudeville, music hall, cabaret, variety show. Today, the musical occupies a leading position among the performing arts in terms of popularity and commercial success. The famous №1 | 2023 10 musicals of the 50s are Bernstein's West Side Story, Lowe's My Fair Lady, Stine's Funny Girl and many others. The basis of the libretto of musicals is often the works of classical and modern literature, reflecting historical events, current social phenomena of public life and life of different segments of the population. In 1964, Jerry Bock's musical Fiddler on the Roof was presented on the famous Broadway stage. The play for the musical was written by playwright Joseph Stein based on the stories of the writer Shalom Aleichem about the life of a poor milkman – an Orthodox Jew Tevye – a typical representative of the Russian-Ukrainian hinterland of the early twentieth century. The head of the family, in his own words, "a Russian peasant of Jewish origin, of the Jewish faith," dreams of marrying his daughters to rich suitors and thus improve the financial situation of his family. But these dreams are not destined to come true. His daughters, contrary to the wishes of their father and traditions, choose suitors according to their hearts, and not according to calculation. The performance has been restored many times in one interpretation or another by directors from different countries and theaters in France, Germany, Australia, Israel, Great Britain, Russia. For many years, the world masterpiece has been pleasing the audience of Uzbekistan. In 1995, with the assistance of the Israeli Embassy, the musical "Fiddler on the Roof" was presented to the residents of the capital by the Tashkent Theater of Young Spectators (now the State Youth Theater of Uzbekistan). The sad events that haunt the protagonist - the death of his wife and daughter, the Jewish pogrom, expulsion from the acquired place are permeated with light lyrical sadness, mild humor and do not cause a painful impression. The images of the characters, the nature of their relationship, the atmosphere and mood of a particular mise-en-scene of the musical is created not only by traditional dramatic means, but also with the help of music, vocals and choreography. An example is the dance of Tevye's daughters, who dream of a happy marriage. Music and dance consist of two different themes. The first part, languid and tender, reveals girlish dreams, hidden desires, creates a lyrical mood in the viewer, causes understanding and even sympathy. The sisters perform simple movements, accompanying the dance with singing. Theater directors strive to make the action of performances unified, through, with logical, natural transitions from word to dance. In order to organically weave dances into the plot outline, scenes of a concert, family holidays, music and dance scenes in restaurants, squares, etc. are introduced into the performance. There are such choreographic scenes in the play "Fiddler on the Roof". Here, the images of the Russian and Jewish people are presented in the language of national choreographic plasticity. A large dance scene (triptych) takes place in a tavern. The first dance, which creates the image of the Jewish people, is saturated with specific dance vocabulary, performed easily, softly, inaudibly, on tiptoe. The knees are bent, the body is slightly inclined, the hands are raised up to the sky, symbolizing the appeal of the people to God. The second musical and dance theme is playful and playful. To the cheerful, energetic music, the sisters fool around, make faces, in a word, hooligans, imagining what their husbands might turn out to be in reality. In the described episode, the dance not only creates an atmosphere of jokes and fun, demonstrating a playful, perky image of young girls, but with the help of grotesque, comical-angular plasticity, it helps the viewer to get an idea of the imaginary, fictional images of the suitors. The second part of the triptych contrasts sharply with the first. The original Jewish plasticity is contrasted with the breadth and power of Russian male dance, with its valiant prowess and strength, demonstrative confidence and defiant pride. A wide firm step, outstretched arms, a chest with a “wheel”, squats, crackers, tricks. This is the dance of the owner of the land, ready to defend his people, uphold traditional values, his own ideals. The last part of the triptych is a violent element of fun, captures and involves both Jews and Russians in a single dance. Everyone dances in their own way, but together, side by side, like good neighbors, holding their shoulders, in the same circle. №1 | 2023 11 The dance in this scene demonstrates an important idea that runs through the whole performance - the common people do not want to be at enmity! He wants to live in peace and tranquility, to share a piece of bread like a neighbor, to rejoice together, to overcome difficult times together, to experience sad events, to create mixed families. Each director has his own vision of this or that mise-en-scène in a performance, the same can be said for choreographers. In the State Musical Theater of National Art under the direction of Vladimir Nazarov (aka director, Moscow), the first part of the described dance scene is performed by Jewish waiters. V. Nazarov's manner of performance, conveying helpfulness and courtesy, caution and cunning, characterizes, perhaps, not the Jewish people, but the profession of waiters who are obliged to serve, bring, clean, cater, earning a tip. Dance is able to express beauty and ugliness, kindness and evil, convey any feelings - fear and anger, pain and sadness, grief and suffering. But, in order to be understandable to everyone, dance movements must not only be as expressive as possible, but figuratively accurate, capable of plastically embodying the idea embedded in them. To determine the characteristic plastic language, the method of figurative thickening, exaggeration, and enlargement is used. In the State Youth Theater of Uzbekistan, this method was used to determine the choreographic text for the scene of the Jewish pogrom (original music by E. Pak). Here again we meet with male Russian dance. But the viewer realizes that this is a completely different dance. Sharp, amplitude movements, imitating blows and destruction, express hostility and aggression. It's amazing how a dance from bright positive art, carrying positive emotions of joy and pleasure, can turn into a destructive set of movements of an aggressive bandit crowd. In the above examples, two dances convey through plasticity the characteristic features of the male population of the Russian hinterland. Choreographer uses dance vocabulary similar in technique - powerful, bright, imaginative, dynamic. However, the ideas embedded in the dances are opposite. The dance performed in a tavern demonstrates joy, breadth of soul, openness, friendliness towards neighbors of a different faith. The pogrom dance reveals the dark side of the same Russian soul, capable of destruction, annihilation, exile... Dance can convey feelings of love and hate, searches and spiritual throwing. In the play "Fiddler on the Roof" the dance of the second daughter of Tevye Godl and Perchik's home teacher, who returned to his native provincial Anatovka from the big city of Kyiv, is interestingly solved. In a conversation with Godl, Perchik expresses his surprise at the strength of traditions that are preserved in the village, while in the city many traditions have become obsolete. He invites Godle to dance with him, as the youth of the city does. The girl believes that this is indecent, to which Perchik fervently exclaims: “What is indecent here?! There is faith, and there are prejudices! Perchik's hot conviction, mutual sympathy and curiosity take precedence over indecision and fear, and Godle agrees to try. After all, there is no one nearby, no one will see and condemn. The dance is built mainly on the movements of the polka and gallop. In the process of dancing, the emotional upsurge of Godl grows. The girl has never danced such dances, and even in a pair with a young man she liked, and now she is experiencing new unfamiliar sensations of delight, lightness, emancipation, and she likes it more and more. With each step she dances more freely, more provocatively, more playfully, her head is higher, her jump is easier, her step is wider. With her dance, the girl claims that no traditions should prevent a person from being happy. At their own wedding, Pepper and Godle dance together in public, creating a tense situation, which compromises the Tevye family. The guests are shocked and outraged by such a defiant violation of tradition. The situation is saved by the head of the family himself, inviting his wife to join the dance of his daughter and son-in-law. Everyone understands that some traditions are hopelessly outdated, and the time has come to abandon them, although this is not easy. A way out that suits everyone has been found: a man and a woman are not allowed to hold hands in a dance, but holding on to the ends of a scarf is not forbidden! And everyone happily starts dancing, surrendering to the elements of wedding fun. №1 | 2023 12 Thus, with the help of dance, the process of transforming the worldview of the heroes from patriarchal humility to determination and confidence on the way to a new life free from orthodox prejudices is conveyed. The whole performance is permeated with touching dances. But the famous dance with bottles causes a special delight in the viewer. The dance is performed at the wedding of Tevye Zeitl, the eldest daughter. One guest starts the dance, gradually others join him. Dressed in traditional black robes and wide-brimmed hats, the men place glass bottles filled with wine on their heads. The dance is performed at a moderate pace. With a static body in the dance, movements are performed mainly with the legs: intricate side tracks, circular movements, turning the knee in and out, lifting and moving the legs back and forth, etc. The slow part ends with a spectacular movement in full squat - with wide steps with the transition from heel to knee. The second part of the dance, which begins with a swift run, is unrestrainedly cheerful and incendiary, is already performed without bottles. The dance amazes the audience with difficult movements that are performed easily and naturally, extremely synchronously, despite the bottle on the head. With bated breath, the audience watches the performers, fearing the fall of this fragile object. By the way, the fall of the bottle, as well as its return to its place, is provided by the directors of the musical of many theaters. The figurative and expressive language of the choreography of the play "Fiddler on the Roof", dictated by the theme, plot, specifics of national traditions, helps us to imagine the life of ordinary people - on the one hand, ordinary, on the other hand, filled with joyful and sad events, like the life of any person, with a natural alternating in it black, white, gray colors. The heroes of the performance dance as they live, simply, naturally, organically. In the performance, life itself sings, dances, cries and laughs. Characters start dancing with enviable ease. Dance for them is a natural state, an ordinary manifestation of life, which is unthinkable without movement and singing, as the most vivid way of expressing thoughts and feelings. Dance episodes, skillfully woven into the storyline, delight the viewer, giving the action lightness, dynamics, and emotional richness. Added to the music, singing, lively dialogue virtuoso, elegant, temperamental dance decorates the performance, raising its emotional tone. Download 1.53 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling