It happened over 300 years in Holland
Cells (1) Except for germs like viruses
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Mixed reading texts
Cells
(1) Except for germs like viruses and bacteria, just about every other living thing on Earth is made of cells. This is probably why cells are called the building blocks of life. (2) Most organisms contain many cells. In the ocean, however, there are some types of creatures that have a single cell. They are called plankton and are eaten by larger sea creatures such as mussels, fish and even some species of whales. (3) Most forms of life are made of many cells. It is estimated that the average human adult body contains about 10 trillion cells. Placed end to end, they would stretch around the earth 47 times. A ten year old has about half that many cells. If you could count them at a rate of one cell per second, it would take you over 2600 years to complete the task. (4) Numbering in the trillions, it is not surprising that most cells of the human body are very small. In fact, an individual cell is invisible unless viewed through a microscope. The largest human cell, an egg cell produced by females when they are able to have babies, is are about the diameter of a human hair. The smallest, a sperm cell produced by the male, is one-tenth of the diameter (the distance across) of a human hair. (5) Even though they are quite small, not all cells are alike. They differ in size, shape and function (how they work). As the picture on this page shows, bone cells differ from blood cells and nerve cells differ from muscle cells. Each one is designed to do a different job. Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. Nerve cells carry electrical signals to and from our brains to muscles all over our bodies. Bone cells, which are very rigid, form the skeleton that gives our bodies shape. Muscle cells contract to move these bones to help us get around. Stomach cells secrete an acid to digest our food. Special cells in our intestines absorb nutrients from the food we eat. And no matter what they do, many of these cells change food into energy to keep our bodies working. (6) Cells are packed tightly together. They combine to form tissues, like skin and muscle. Tissues combine to form organs. Muscle cells combine to form muscle tissues. Muscle tissues combine to form organs like your heart. Organs cooperate (work together) to keep us alive. (7) All human body cells are covered by a membrane. This layer holds the contents of the cell in just like the sides of a container. The membrane lets good things, like nutrients, into the cell. It also keeps bad things, like germs and bacteria, out. Amazing Facts About Our Bodies Cells In four square centimetres of skin there are 3 metres of nerve fibers, 1300 nerve cells, 100 sweat glands, 3 million cells, and 3 metres of blood vessels. Except for your brain cells, 50,000,000 of the cells in your body will have died and been replaced with others, all while you have been reading this sentence. The central nervous system is connected to every Download 187.5 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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