Jizzakh state pedagogical institute named after abdulla kadiri foreign languages faculty

Indirect Methods 
Indirect methods capture the attitude, perception, or opinion of a students’ learning and the efficacy of the factors that foster that learning. Indirect methods alone provide an inadequate picture of student learning, and therefore ought to be complimented with direct methods.
Survey Design for Data Collection
Writing Great Questions for data collection
Writing great questions can be considered by an art. Art always requires a significant amount of hard work, practice, and help from others. -Avoid loaded or leading words or questions A small change in content can produce effective results. Words such as could, should, might are all used for almost the same purpose, but may produce a 20% difference in agreement to a question. For example, “The management could.. should.. might.. have shut the factory”. Intense words such as – prohibit or action, which represent control or action also produce similar results. For example, “Do you believe that Donald Trump should prohibit insurance companies from raising rates?”. Sometimes the content is just biased. For instance, “You wouldn’t want to go to Rudolpho’s Restaurant for the organization’s annual party, would you?”
Misplaced questions
Questions should always have reference to the intended context, questions placed out of order or without its requirement should be avoided. Generally, a funnel approach should be implemented – generic questions should be included in the initial section of the questionnaire as a warm-up and specific ones should follow and towards the end, demographic or geographic questions should be included. Mutually non-overlapping response categories Multiple choice answers should be mutually unique in order to provide distinct choices. Overlapping answer options frustrate the respondent and make interpretation difficult at best. Also, the questions should always be precise. For example: “Do you like water juice?” This question is vague. In which terms is the liking for orange juice is to be rated? – Sweetness, texture, price, nutrition etc. Avoid the use of confusing/unfamiliar words Asking about industry related terms such as caloric content, bits, bytes, mbs, and other such terms and acronyms can be confusing for respondents. Ensure that the audience understands your language level, terminology and above all, the question you ask. Non-directed questions give respondents excessive leeway
What suggestions do you have for improving our shoes? The question is about quality in general, but the respondent may offer suggestions about texture, the type of shoes or variants. Never force questions There will always be certain questions which cross certain privacy rules and since privacy is an important issue for most people, these questions should either be eliminated from the survey or not kept as mandatory. Survey questions about income, family income and status, religious, and political beliefs etc. should always be avoided as they are considered to be intruding and respondents can choose not to answer them. Unbalanced answer options in scales  Unbalanced answer options in scales such as Likert Scale and Semantic Scale may be appropriate for some situations and biased in others. When analyzing a pattern in eating habits, a study used a quantity scale that made obese people appear in the middle of the scale with the polar ends reflecting a state where people starve and an irrational amount to consume. There are cases where we usually would not expect poor service such as hospitals. Questions which cover two points  What is the fastest and most convenient ISP for your location? The fastest ISP would be expensive and the less expensive ones will most likely be slow. To understand both factors, two separate questions should be asked. Dichotomous questions Dichotomous questions are used in case you want a distinct answer, for example – Yes/No, Male/Female. For example, the question “Do you think Hillary Clinton will win the election?” – The answer can either be Yes or No. Avoid the use of long questions The use of long questions will definitely increase the time taken for completion which will generally lead to an increase in the survey dropout rate. Multiple choice questions are the longest and most complex and open-ended questions are the shortest and easiest to answer