Jul. 2017 Vo L. 25 (S) j ul. 2017 Pertanika Editorial Office, Journal Division

DISCUSSION
The construction of social reality is a 
rather new theoretical concept in the 
social sciences. This concept is based on 
the phenomenological tradition, which 
emerged with the philosophy of Edmund 
Husserl. It was also interpreted in a new 
way by sociological scientist, Alfred 
Schütz. As noted by David and Lulia Jary 
phenomenology in its philosophical sense 
represents a direction based on introspective 
research of intellectual processes in 
knowledge of phenomena and experience. 
The central place in philosophical 
phenomenology is given to the doctrine of 
intentionality of perception i.e. not a simple 
understanding or simply understanding 
something. Social phenomenology is based 

Lyudmila A. Shvachkina, Valentina I. Rodionova, Dmitry A. Lushnikov, Tatiana I. Barsukova and Aleksandr E. Gapich
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Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. & Hum. 25 (S): 211 - 224 (2017)
on a critical interpretation of philosophical 
phenomenology and studies the assumptions 
involved in the creation of daily social 
knowledge sets as its purpose, within 
a “bracketed” vital world (Jary, 2001). 
Thus, the central perspective of social 
phenomenology is the perspective of daily 
experience/knowledge.
In Alfred Schütz‘s understanding, social 
reality represents a “set of all objects and the 
phenomena of a socially cultural world as 
represented to the ordinary consciousness of 
people living among other people and related 
to the diverse relations of interaction”. 
According to the scientist, studying semantic 
structures of social reality means studying 
intersubjective values constituted by people 
in the course of their activity. These values 
act in the form of “typical ideas” of objects 
of social reality of the world and constitute 
“knowledge”, which together with personal 
experience of the acting individual is the 
set of means of orientation taken on trust 
in this world.
Supplementing Weber’s postulate on 
subjective interpretation of sense with 
Thomas’s theorem (“If people define 
a situation as real, she is real on the 
consequences”), Shyuts comes to the 
conclusion that definition of a situation 
already means action and that interpretation 
of the world is an initial way of action.
Alfred Schütz’s concept of social 
constructing of reality was further 
developed by Peter Ludwig Berger and 
Thomas Luckmann. The main thesis of this 
concept was stated in the work, “Social 
Constructing of Reality. A Treatise on 
Knowledge Sociology” and is consolidated 
to the fact that social reality is at the same 
time objective and subjective (Berger, 1995, 
p. 303). Objectivity of social reality is caused 
by the independence of the individual, and 
its subjectivity is explained by the fact that 
it is constantly created or designed by the 
individual.
Social constructing of reality was 
defined by Berger and Luckmann as a set of 
processes, thanks to which “any knowledge 
system becomes socially recognized as 
“reality” (Berger, 1995, p. 30). The social 
reality, thus, is designed through a system of 
collective ideas of what is “real”. Knowledge 
of the world around us is included in 
the historical and cultural context of the 
subject and is conditional, dependent on 
circumstances of receiving and use. The 
social interaction between individuals 
assumes interpretation and reinterpretation 
of knowledge of the world around us as 
providing knowledge of individuals.
Thus, constructing of social reality 
represents activities of agents of social 
constructing for its “production”. The 
construction activity of agents of social 
constructing can be considered not only from 
the procedural point of view (constructing 
technologies/mechanisms), but also from 
the point of view of the end result, the 
“image” of social reality and its separate 
“sides”.
According to Benedict Richard 
O’Gorman Anderson, the nation is “the 
imagined political community, and it is 
imagined as something inevitably limited, 
but at the same time sovereign” (Anderson, 

Integrative Strategy of Constructing Positive Images of Ethnic
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Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. & Hum. 25 (S): 211 - 224 (2017)
2001, p. 30). Explaining the definition, 
Anderson wrote, “It [the nation as political 
community] imagined as members even of 
the smallest nation will never know most of 
the fellows - on - the nations to meet them 
or even to hear about them while in minds 
of each of them there lives the image of 
their community” (Anderson, 2001, p. 30). 
Anderson claimed that constructedness 
is the property of one and all ethnic/
national communities: “all communities 
are larger than the primitive villages united 
by contact face to face (and, maybe, even 
they), - imagined. Communities should 
be distinguished not on their falsehood/
authenticity, and on that style in which they 
are imagined” (Anderson, 2001, p. 30).
Eric John Ernest Hobsbawm in general 
accepted the definition of nationalism 
offered by Ernest Gellner, adding that he 
did not consider “nation” as the source 
of primary, initial or invariable social 
education. According to Hobsbawm, the 
nation is social education only so far as it 
is connected with a certain type of modern 
territorial state, the “nation state”. In the 
course of formation of nations an important 
role is played by artificial constructing, 
purposeful invention and social engineering. 
One of Hobsbawm’s ideas is primacy 
of nationalism in relation to nations and 
states: the states and national movements 
do not arise from already “ready” nations – 
everything occurs on the contrary.
Adrian Hastings claimed that 
constructing of the nation on the basis of 
one or several ethnic groups is guided by 
such factors as a wide circulation of printed 
literature in native languages and a history 
of a long fight against external threats. The 
nation not necessarily means the state: it can 
appear before formation of the state or after 
it; however, in the second case the nation 
receives a pronounced consciousness. The 
most serious contribution to constructing 
of a nation was made by an ideal of the 
state nation and world as systems of the 
nations, which appeared in 19th century 
politico-philosophical discourse and was 
embedded in the Versailles contract of 
1920. As prototype of the European nations, 
according to the scientist, was the national 
model offered in the Bible. In the concept of 
Hastings the nation appears as a community 
having stronger consciousness than an 
ethnic group as the nation is concerned with 
political identity, autonomy and control 
of a specific territory. As for nationalism, 
Hastings considered two points of view: 
political theory guaranteeing the right of 
each nation to form its own state and as 
practical activities which retained the belief 
of individuals that their own ethnic and 
national traditions are especially important 
and have to be protected at any cost through 
the creation of their own state (Hastings, 
1997, pp. 2-5).
According to the author of the concept 
of “banal nationalism”, Billing, settled 
(i.e. having confidence in the future 
existence) nations are characterised by a 
constant reproduction or an independent 
reminder (flagging) of the idea of the nation 
(nationhood) which, being imperceptible 
to the majority, defines practically all 
socio-political aspects of the life of society. 

Lyudmila A. Shvachkina, Valentina I. Rodionova, Dmitry A. Lushnikov, Tatiana I. Barsukova and Aleksandr E. Gapich
222
Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. & Hum. 25 (S): 211 - 224 (2017)
As a metaphor for “banal nationalism” 
Billing used an image of a flag which 
“doesn’t flutter furiously downwind, and 
imperceptibly hangs on a wall of public 
institution”. Billing claimed that nationalism 
and national identity were a “conversation 
about national” identity, therefore research 
of nationalism is impossible without 
research of practice in discussion. Research 
focus on the concept of Billing is displaced 
from research of the nations as meta-units 
to everyday practice and manifestations of 
nationalism (Billing, 1995, pp. 8-9).
CONCLUSION
This research studied the complex 
methodology of research into the 
constructing of nationalism (George Best) 
combining theoretical development of a 
contextual constructionism and habitus 
theory (Pierre Bourdieu). Our methodology 
considered constructing of nationalism on 
macro- (print mass media) and micro- (self-
presentation of nationalist groups members) 
levels. We also looked at the  interpretation 
of the concept “Russian nationalism” as 
the political (politised) culture directed to 
protect internal and external interests of the 
Russian people. In addition, we examined 
the contextual factors of constructing of 
Russian nationalism at the all-Russian and 
regional (The Republic Tatarstan) levels.
We looked at the features of 
representation of Russian nationalism in 
mass media and the rhetoric of members 
of national patriotic groups and studied 
nationalism on macro- (print mass media) 
and micro- (self-presentation of nationalist 
groups members) levels to overcome “offset” 
of the research focus and to receive the most 
adequate understanding of constructing 
of an image of Russian nationalism in a 
regional context.
The symbolic universe design history 
links collective events as a coherent whole 
including the past, present and future. 
Memory is created in relation to the past. 
It integrates all who are socialised in 
this community. The general frame of 
reference in relation to the future is created 
in order that the individual may plan actions. 
Thanks to this, all members of society 
can consider themselves co-present in a 
semantic universe, which existed from their 
birth and will exist after their death. The role 
of symbolic reality consists in integration 
of social institutions through the process of 
legitimisation.
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Foster, R. (1999). The commercial construction of new 
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Adela Burmistrova
(Kazan Federal University, Russia)
Aida Beysenbaeva
(Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan)
Aidar Kalimullin
(Kazan Federal University, Russia)
Alfiya Masalimova
(Kazan Federal University, Russia)
Almira Gafarova
(Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russia)
Andrei Letyagin
(Center for New Medical Technologies, Russia)
Andrey Glukhov
(Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia)
Andrey Savelov
(Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Russia)
Angela Igonina
(Kazan Federal University, Russia)
Anton Kireev
(Far Eastern Federal University, Russia)
Anton Kozlov
(Far Eastern Federal University, Russia)
Bibigul Yeskeldiyeva
(Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan)
Ekaterina Monakhova
(Gene Diagnostic Center, Russia)
Elena Asafova
(Kazan Federal University, Russia)
Elena Baibarina
(Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and 
Perinatology, Russia)
Elena Chebotareva
(Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Russia)
Evgenii Achkasov
(First Moscow State Medical University, Russia)
Ewa Kulesza
(Poland)
Farit Khaidarov
(Kazan State Agrarian University, Russia)
Gulnar Zhumagulova
(South-Kazakhstan Humanitarian Institute, Kazakhstan)
Gulnara Biktagirova
(Kazan Federal University, Russia)
Irina Shmeleva
(St. Petersburg State University, Russia)
John Corcoran
(University of Oxford, United Kingdom)
Kamchat Yessenova
(Republican Institute for Training Qualification of Leaders 
and Scientific and Pedagogical Employees of the Educational 
System of The Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan)
Ksenia Melekhova
(Altai State University, Russia)
Ludmila Pochebut
(St. Petersburg State University, Russia)
Maria Sazanova
(Vyatka State University, Russia)
Mariia Rubtcova
(St. Petersburg State University, Russia)
Marina Shuvalova
(Tver State University, Russia)
Mikhail Postaliuk
(University of Management (TIBA), Russia)
REFEREES FOR THE PERTANIKA 
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
 
VOL. 25 (S) JUL. 2017
Special Edition
Vectors and Narrative Discourses of Modern Society
The Editorial Board of the Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities wishes to thank the following: 

Nina Adamova
(St. Petersburg State University, Russia)
Olga Kozar
(Macquarie University, Australia)
Olga Vorozhbit
(Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Russia)
Roza Valeeva
(Kazan Federal University, Russia)
Sergei Frolov
(Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia)
Sergey Chernykh
(Research Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, 
Kazakhstan)
Tatiana Ryzhikova
(Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia)
Tatyana Bochina
(Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information 
Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Russia)
Valeriy Shelyakin
(Territorial fund of compulsory medical insurance of Sverdlovsk, 
Russia)
Valery Gafarov
(Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Russia)
Venera Vagizova
(Kazan Federal University, Russia)
Vladimir Prokopenko
(Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information 
Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Russia)
Vladimir Trukhachev
(Stavropol State Agrarian University, Russia)
Zamil Nigmatov
(University of Management (TIBA), Russia)
While every effort has been made to include a complete list of referees for the period stated above, however if any 
name(s)  have  been  omitted  unintentionally  or  spelt  incorrectly,  please  notify  the  Chief  Executive  Editor,  Pertanika 
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the University to provide any liability for whatsoever reason.

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1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA., 
2
Office of the Deputy Vice Chancellor (R&I), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
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These must be set up clearly and should be typed double spaced. Numbers identifying equations 
should be in square brackets and placed on the right margin of the text.
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All tables should be prepared in a form consistent with recent issues of Pertanika and should 
be numbered consecutively with Roman numerals. Explanatory material should be given in the 
table legends and footnotes. Each table should be prepared on a new page, embedded in the 
manuscript.
 
When a manuscript is submitted for publication, tables must also be submitted separately as data 
- .doc, .rtf, Excel or PowerPoint files- because tables submitted as image data cannot be edited for 
publication and are usually in low-resolution. 
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Failure to comply with these specifications will require new figures and delay in publication. 
NOTE: Illustrations may be produced in colour at no extra cost at the discretion of the Publisher; 
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Association for further details (
http://www.apastyle.org
/).

7.  General Guidelines
Abbreviations: Define alphabetically, other than abbreviations that can be used without definition. 
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should not appear in acknowledgements.
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majority of their work was done. If an author has subsequently moved to another institution, the 
current address may also be stated in the footer.
Co-Authors: The commonly accepted guideline for authorship is that one must have substantially 
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Spelling: The journal uses American or British spelling and authors may follow the latest edition 
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Owing to the volume of manuscripts we receive, we must insist that all submissions be made electronically 
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provided. Additional copies of the journals may be purchased by writing to the Chief Executive Editor.

Revamping the Higher Education System of Modern Kazakhstan for 
Integration into Global Education 
105
Gulnara K. Abdrahman1*, Orynkyz K. Joldassova, Svetlana S. 
Amandosova, Alima T. Kenzhebayeva and Gaukhar E. Sanay
Mega-Discourse on the Cognitive and Ethno-Cultural Aspects of the 
Problem of the Functional and Genre Stratification of Modern Sport 
125
Larisa G. Yarmolinets, Sultan M. Akhmetov, Elena N. Luchinskaya, 
Zhanna Z. Terpelets and Maria N. Kunina
The  Specifics  of  an  Estimate  Discourse  of  Gender  Stereotypes  in  Small 
Forms of Folklore in a Network Discourse of Electronic and Information 
Society at the Beginning of the 21st Century 
137
Zaineta R. Khachmafova, Irina S. Karabulatova, Svetlana V. 
Serebriakova, Anastasiya V. Zinkovskaya and Elena N. Ermakova
The Evolution of the Concept of Public Health in Modern Youth Discourse 
151
Margarita S. Vyhrystyuk, Tatiana P. Rogozhnikova, Galina I. 
Semenova, Irina A. Shusharina4, Elena A. Savelyeva and Olga V. 
Kunygina
Problems Inherent in Transforming Multinational Corporations Using 
Islamic Banking as a Reflection of Modern Globalisation 
165
Dmitry S. Silnov, Maria V. Zelinskaya, Nikolay P. Gusakov, Lora N. 
Fedyakina, Ilmira R. Koshchegulova and Alla S. Karabulatova
The Evolution of Characteristics of Gender Stereotypes in Modern 
Advertising as a Reflection of Consumer Demand 
179
Dmitry V. Shkurkin, Ekaterina V. Shevchenko, Elena A. Egorova, 
Iskandar S. Kobersy and Venera O. Midova
The Social and Pedagogical Characteristics of a Future Teacher’s Readiness 
for Developing the Intellectual and Creative Potential of a Junior Schoolchild 
in the Heterogeneous Ethnic Environment 
195
Tatiana O. Bondareva, Natalia N. Khan, Elena N. Pristupa, Altynay Zh. 
Dossanova, Tatiana L. Kremneva and Rakymzhan Turysbek
Integrative Strategy of Constructing Positive Images of Ethnic Identity in 
Modern Electronic and Information Discourse
211
Lyudmila A. Shvachkina, Valentina I. Rodionova, Dmitry A. Lushnikov, 
Tatiana I. Barsukova and Aleksandr E. Gapich

VOL. 25 (S) JUL. 2017
Vo
l. 25 (S) J
ul. 2017
Pertanika Editorial Office, Journal Division
Office of the Deputy Vice Chancellor (R&I) 
1st Floor, IDEA Tower II 
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Universiti Putra Malaysia
43400 UPM Serdang
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Malaysia
http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/
E-mail:
 
[e-mail]
Tel: [phone]  
A special issue devoted to 
        Vectors & Narrative Discourses of Modern Society
Guest Editors
Konstantin Vodenko, Svetlana G. Karepova, Bigaysha Z. Akhmetova 
& Altynay Zh. Dossanova
http://penerbit.upm.edu.my
Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities
 
Vol. 25 (S) Jul. 2017
Contents
   
Vectors and Narrative Discourses of Modern Society
Multicultural Persons in the Variative Discourse of Electronic Informative 
Society Identity 
1
Irina S. Karabulatova, Khanif S. Vildanov, Anastasiya A. Zinchenko, 
Elena N. Vasilishina and Anatoly P. Vassilenko
Social and Economic Differentiation of the Issues Affecting the Health 
of Modern Russians 
17
Vlada  V.  Sharipova,  Chulpan  F.  Gabidullina,  Svetlana  V.  Lobova, 
Natalya V. Shevchenko, Pavel A. Smelov and Galina M. Rossinskaya
Features  of  Leadership  Development  of  Kazakhstan  Elementary 
School Pupils 
31
Botagul  A.  Turgunbaeva,  Gulmira  R.  Aspanova,  Altynbek  K. 
Moshkalov, Asan Abdrakhmanov, Gulnara K. Abdrahman and Alima 
T. Kenzhebayeva
The  Direction  of  Transformation  of  Information  and  Communication 
Technology (ICT) at the Present Stage of Development into an Electronic 
and Information Society 
45
Faiz  F.  Khizbullin,  Tatyana  G.  Sologub,  Svetlana  V.  Bulganina, 
Tatiana E. Lebedeva, Vladimir S. Novikov and Victoria V. Prokhorova
The Problem of  Fixation of Siberian Endangered Languages in  the 
Multimedia  Corpus:  Evidence  from  the  Siberian  Tatars  Tyumen 
Region Dialect 
59
Guzel  Z.  Fayzullina,  Elena  N.  Ermakova, Alsina A.  Fattakova  and 
Habiba S. Shagbanova 
Problems of Inclusive Education of Disabled Children in the Context 
of Integration into Modern Society 
73
Zinaida V. Polivara, Marziya P. Asylbekova, Olga N. Budeeva, Galina 
A. Zabirova, Leonid I. Kim and Maira S. Dzhilkishieva 
The Modern Problems of Communication and Social Interaction of 
Deviant Teenagers Using Social Networks 
89
Irina V. Mkrtumova, Aykumis I. Omarbekova, Dmitry S. Silnov, Elena 
A. Sulimova and Asem Kurmashkyzy

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Document Outline

• 1 Front Cover Inside JSSH Vol 25 (S) July 2017.pdf
• 2 Opening page JSSH Vol 25 (S) July 2017.pdf
• 3 EB JSSH Vol 25 (S) July 2017.pdf
• 4 Preface JSSH Vol 25 (S) July 20172.pdf
• 5 Contents JSSH Vol 25 (S) July 2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0376-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0377-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0378-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0379-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0380-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0381-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0382-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0383-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0384-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0385-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0386-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0387-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0388-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0389-2017.pdf
• JSSH(S)-0390-2017.pdf
• 7 Referees JSSH Vol 25 (S) July 2017.pdf
• 8 Ins to AUT JSSH Vol 25 (S) July 2017.pdf
• 9 Pertanika Advert JST Vol 25 (S) July 2017.pdf
• 10 Inner Back JSSH Vol 25 (S) Jun 2017.pdf