Quyidagi
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
(1)
ko‘rinishdagi kasrga
kasr-ratsional funksiya yoki qisqacha ratsional funksiya deyiladi.
Bu yerda ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
va
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
Agar
bo‘lsa, to‘g‘ri kasr,
bo‘lsa, noto‘g‘ri kasr deyiladi.
Har qanday noto‘g‘ri kasr ko‘phadlarni bo‘lish qoidasi yordamida qandaydir ko‘phad va to‘g‘ri kasr yig‘indisi shaklida ifodalanadi:
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. (2)
Masalan,
, chunki
x4 + 2
|
x2 + 3x – 1
|
x4+ 3x3 – x2
|
x2−3x +10
|
−3x3 + x2 +2
|
|
−3x3 –9 x2 + 3x
|
|
10x2 – 3x + 2
10x2 + 30x – 10
|
|
– 33x+12
|
|
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
ko‘phadni integrallash oson bo‘lgani uchun, ratsional
funksiyani integrallash ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
to‘g‘ri kasrni integrallash masalasiga keltiriladi.
Quyidaqi to‘g‘ri kasrlar oddiy ratsional kasrlar deyiladi:
I.
,
II.
III.
.