Kirish II. Asosiy qism

2-masala: �cKc​K, start subscript, start text, c, end text, end subscript yordamida muvozanat tarkibni aniqlash

Keling, N2N2​start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, O2O2​start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript va NONOstart text, N, O, end text lardan iborat muvozanatni koʻrib chiqaylik:
N2(�)+O2(�)⇋2NO(�)N2​(g)+O2​(g)⇋2NO(g)start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, left parenthesis, g, right parenthesis, plus, start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, left parenthesis, g, right parenthesis, \leftrightharpoons, 2, start text, N, O, end text, left parenthesis, g, right parenthesis
Bu reksiya uchun muvozanat doimiysi tenglamasi quyidagicha yoziladi:
�c=[NO]2[N2][O2]Kc​=[N2​][O2​][NO]2​K, start subscript, start text, c, end text, end subscript, equals, start fraction, start text, open bracket, N, O, end text, close bracket, squared, divided by, open bracket, start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, open bracket, start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, end fraction
Bizga �TT temperatura uchun shu reaksiyaning muvozanat doimiysi 3,4×10−213,4×10−213, comma, 4, times, 10, start superscript, minus, 21, end superscript ga tengligi maʼlum. Shuningdek, quyidagi konsentratsiyalar ham maʼlum:
[N2]=[O2]=0,1 M[N2​]=[O2​]=0,1Mopen bracket, start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, equals, open bracket, start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, equals, 0, comma, 1, start text, M, end text
NO(�)NO(g)start text, N, O, end text, left parenthesis, g, right parenthesis ning muvozanat konsentratsiyasini aniqlang.
�cKc​K, start subscript, start text, c, end text, end subscript ning qiymati 0,001 dan kichikligi sababli bu reaksiyada mahsulotga qaraganda reagentlar (N2N2​start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript va O2O2​start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript) konsentratsiyasi kattaroqligini ayta olamiz. Shundan kelib chiqib NONOstart text, N, O, end text ning konsentratsiyasi reagentlarnikidan juda pastligini bilib oldik.
N2N2​start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript va O2O2​start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript muvozanat konsentrastiyasi 0,1 M ga teng va muvozanat doimiysi qiymati aniq. NONOstart text, N, O, end text ning muvozanat konsentratsiyani aniqlash uchun muvozanat doimiysi ifodasini quyidagicha oʻzgartiramiz:
�c=[NO]2[N2][O2] tenglamadan [NO] ni tenglikning chap tomoniga oʻtkazamiz.Kc​=[N2​][O2​][NO]2​ tenglamadan [NO] ni tenglikning chap tomoniga oʻtkazamiz.K, start subscript, start text, c, end text, end subscript, equals, start fraction, start text, open bracket, N, O, end text, close bracket, squared, divided by, open bracket, start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, open bracket, start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, end fraction, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, start text, space, t, e, n, g, l, a, m, a, d, a, n, space, open bracket, N, O, close bracket, space, n, i, space, t, e, n, g, l, i, k, n, i, n, g, space, c, h, a, p, space, t, o, m, o, n, i, g, a, space, o, ʻ, t, k, a, z, a, m, i, z, point, end text
[NO]2=�[N2][O2] [NO] ni topish uchun tenglikning ikkala tomonini ildizdan chiqaramiz.[NO]2=K[N2​][O2​] [NO] ni topish uchun tenglikning ikkala tomonini ildizdan chiqaramiz.open bracket, start text, N, O, end text, close bracket, squared, equals, K, open bracket, start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, open bracket, start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, start text, space, open bracket, N, O, close bracket, space, n, i, space, t, o, p, i, s, h, space, u, c, h, u, n, space, t, e, n, g, l, i, k, n, i, n, g, space, i, k, k, a, l, a, space, t, o, m, o, n, i, n, i, space, i, l, d, i, z, d, a, n, space, c, h, i, q, a, r, a, m, i, z, point, end text
[NO]=�[N2][O2][NO]=K[N2​][O2​]​open bracket, start text, N, O, end text, close bracket, equals, square root of, K, open bracket, start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, open bracket, start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket, end square root
�cKc​K, start subscript, start text, c, end text, end subscript ni qiymatini va aniq konsenetratsiyalarni tenglamaga olib kelib qoʻysak, quyidagi natijani olamiz:
[NO]=�[N2][O2]=�[N2][O2]=(3,4×10−21)(0,1)(0,1)=5,8×10−12 M[NO]​=K[N2​][O2​]​=K[N2​][O2​]​=(3,4×10−21)(0,1)(0,1)​=5,8×10−12M​
Kutganimizdek, NONOstart text, N, O, end text ning muvozanat konsentratsiyasi ( 5,8×10−12 M5,8×10−12M5, comma, 8, times, 10, start superscript, minus, 12, end superscript, start text, M, end text) reagentlarning[N2][N2​]open bracket, start text, N, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket va [O2][O2​]open bracket, start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript, close bracket konsentrastiyalaridan ancha kichik.